前列腺癌中 DNA 损伤反应的治疗靶向。
Therapeutic targeting of the DNA damage response in prostate cancer.
机构信息
Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Oncol. 2020 May;32(3):216-222. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000617.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The present article highlights the most common DNA repair gene mutations, using specific examples of individual genes or gene classes, and reviews the epidemiology and treatment implications for each one [with particular emphasis on poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibition and PD-1 blockade].
RECENT FINDINGS
Genetic and genomic testing have an increasingly important role in the oncology clinic. For patients with prostate cancer, germline genetic testing is now recommended for all men with high-risk and metastatic disease, and somatic multigene tumor testing is recommended for men with metastatic castration-resistant disease. The most common mutations that are present in men with advanced prostate cancer are in genes coordinating DNA repair and the DNA damage response.
SUMMARY
Although much of what is discussed currently remains investigational, it is clear that genomically-targeted treatments will become increasingly important for patients with prostate cancer in the near future and beyond.
目的综述
本文通过具体的个别基因或基因类别实例，重点介绍了最常见的 DNA 修复基因突变，并综述了每一种基因突变的流行病学和治疗意义[特别强调聚 ADP-核糖聚合酶（PARP）抑制和 PD-1 阻断]。
最近的发现
遗传和基因组检测在肿瘤临床中具有越来越重要的作用。对于前列腺癌患者，目前建议所有高危和转移性疾病的男性进行种系基因突变检测，对于转移性去势抵抗性疾病的男性建议进行多基因肿瘤体细胞检测。在晚期前列腺癌男性中常见的突变存在于协调 DNA 修复和 DNA 损伤反应的基因中。
总结
尽管目前讨论的大部分内容仍处于研究阶段，但很明显，在不久的将来，甚至更远的将来，针对基因组的治疗方法将对前列腺癌患者变得越来越重要。
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