Kwan Vionna, Quesenberry Katherine, Le Roux Alexandre B
Veterinary Emergency Group, White Plains, New York.
Department of Avian and Exotic Medicine, The Animal Medical Center, New York, New York.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2020 May;61(3):322-328. doi: 10.1111/vru.12852. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
The aim of this retrospective reference interval observational study was to determine the mensuration of the pituitary gland (hypophysis cerebri) by analyzing CT studies in rabbits without clinical evidence of pituitary disease or central neurologic signs. Though diseases of the rabbit pituitary gland are uncommon, the pituitary gland is essential in regulation of the rabbit's endocrine system, as in other species. Currently, there are minimal published studies that detail the rabbit head anatomy on cross-sectional imaging, and even less specifically examining the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland was measured by one observer at a single time point from transverse and reconstructed sagittal CT images in a soft-tissue algorithm in 62 rabbits for a total of 66 rabbit head CT studies. The rabbits ranged from 0.84 to 14 years in age (mean ± SD: 5.46 ± 3.05 years) and 0.92 to 4.95 kg in weight (2.21 ± 0.83 kg). Linear pituitary measurements were performed using electronic calipers. The mean ± SD pituitary height was 4.22 ± 0.57 mm, width was 4.48 ± 0.71 mm, and length was 6.02 ± 0.70 mm. The pituitary gland height-to-brain area ratio was 1.10 ± 0.16 mm , which is much higher than the values reported in normal dogs and cats. The age, weight, and sex of the rabbits were not found to have a significant impact on pituitary gland mensuration. These measurements could be useful as a reference range for future rabbit head CT studies and to rule out pituitary enlargement or disease when evaluating rabbit pituitary glands.
这项回顾性参考区间观察性研究的目的是，通过分析无垂体疾病临床证据或中枢神经体征的家兔的CT研究，来确定垂体（脑垂体）的测量值。尽管家兔垂体疾病并不常见，但与其他物种一样，垂体对家兔内分泌系统的调节至关重要。目前，关于横断面成像上家兔头部解剖结构的详细研究发表极少，专门研究垂体的更是少之又少。一名观察者在软组织算法下，从62只家兔的横断位和重建矢状位CT图像的单个时间点测量垂体，共进行了66次家兔头部CT研究。家兔年龄在0.84至14岁之间（平均±标准差：5.46±3.05岁），体重在0.92至4.95千克之间（2.21±0.83千克）。使用电子卡尺进行垂体的线性测量。垂体的平均±标准差高度为4.22±0.57毫米，宽度为4.48±0.71毫米，长度为6.02±0.70毫米。垂体高度与脑面积之比为1.10±0.16毫米，远高于正常犬猫报告的值。未发现家兔的年龄、体重和性别对垂体测量有显著影响。这些测量值可作为未来家兔头部CT研究的参考范围，并在评估家兔垂体时用于排除垂体增大或疾病。
