Ronningstam E
Department of Psychiatry, Huddinge Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Psychiatry. 1988 Aug;51(3):300-11. doi: 10.1080/00332747.1988.11024405.
Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) has been a widely used diagnostic entity. However, opinions about its descriptive validity differ considerably. Hitherto, three diagnostic systems have been developed, those by DSM-III, Akhtar and Thomson, and Kernberg. This paper compares these three systems with respect to concordance among diagnostic criteria, and conceptual themes around which the criteria cluster. The results indicate low concordance among the specific criteria used in these systems but a consensus about the conceptual themes describing self-experience, interpersonal relations and other aspects of NPD. This suggests that NPD is comprised of some core characteristics. However, a reconceptualization of the understanding of NPD must precede further empirical investigations.
自恋型人格障碍（NPD）一直是一个广泛使用的诊断实体。然而，关于其描述效度的观点差异很大。迄今为止，已经开发了三种诊断系统，即DSM-III、阿赫塔尔和汤姆森的系统以及克恩伯格的系统。本文比较了这三种系统在诊断标准之间的一致性，以及标准所围绕的概念主题。结果表明，这些系统中使用的具体标准之间一致性较低，但在描述NPD的自我体验、人际关系和其他方面的概念主题上存在共识。这表明NPD由一些核心特征组成。然而，在进一步的实证研究之前，必须对NPD的理解进行重新概念化。
