He Wentao, Wang Shaoping, Zhang Chao, Wang Xi, Liu Di
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Mar 12;13(6):1285. doi: 10.3390/ma13061285.
The service life of mechanical face seals is related to the lubrication and wear characteristics. The stable analytical methods are commonly used, but they cannot address effects of random vibration loading, which, according to experimental studies, are important factors for lubrication and wear of mechanical face seals used in air and space vehicles. Hence, a dynamic model for mechanical face seals is proposed, with a focus on the effects of random vibration loading. The mechanical face seal in the axial direction is described as a mass-spring-damping system. Spectrum analysis specified for random vibration is then performed numerically to obtain the response power spectral density (PSD) of the mechanical face seal and calculate the root mean square (RMS) values under random vibration conditions. A lumped parameter model is then developed to examine how dynamic parameters such as stiffness and damping affect the lubrication regimes of mechanical face seals. Based on the dynamic model and Archard wear equation, a numerical wear simulation method is proposed. The results elucidated that the increase of input acceleration PSDs, the decrease of axial damping, and the increase of axial stiffness lead to the probability of the mechanical face seal operating under full film lubrication regime increase and finally the decrease of wear. This research provides a guideline for improving the adaptability of mechanical face seals under random vibration environments.
机械端面密封的使用寿命与润滑和磨损特性有关。通常使用稳定的分析方法，但这些方法无法处理随机振动载荷的影响。根据实验研究，随机振动载荷是航空航天飞行器中使用的机械端面密封润滑和磨损的重要因素。因此，提出了一种机械端面密封的动态模型，重点关注随机振动载荷的影响。将轴向的机械端面密封描述为一个质量-弹簧-阻尼系统。然后对随机振动进行数值频谱分析，以获得机械端面密封的响应功率谱密度（PSD），并计算随机振动条件下的均方根（RMS）值。接着建立一个集总参数模型，以研究刚度和阻尼等动态参数如何影响机械端面密封的润滑状态。基于该动态模型和阿查德磨损方程，提出了一种数值磨损模拟方法。结果表明，输入加速度功率谱密度的增加、轴向阻尼的减小以及轴向刚度的增加会导致机械端面密封在全膜润滑状态下运行的概率增加，最终磨损减少。本研究为提高机械端面密封在随机振动环境下的适应性提供了指导。
