Zichella Lorena, Marone Paolo, Buonanno Pasquale, D'Amore Marco, Bellopede Rossana
Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy.
I.S.I.M.-Istituto Internazionale del Marmo, 20154 Milan, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Mar 13;13(6):1293. doi: 10.3390/ma13061293.
The aim of this research was to develop a new eco-product to find a correct recovery of silicate sawing sludge by means of waste management according to European criteria. To reach this goal, a thermal eco-mortar for a macroporous plaster was developed. The main characteristics of a plaster that influence the correct choice of the mortar are good adherence with underlying support, impermeability, thermal and acoustic insulation, mechanical resistance and ability to allow transpiration processes through the wall's perimeters. Plaster is a mortar composed of a binding part that incorporates sand with a selected particle size distribution, not greater than 2 mm. The sludge, to be used as plaster, must satisfy requirements related to thermal insulation, resistance to moisture, mechanical resistance and good injection. For this purpose, low-content metals sludge, derived from the Luserna stone flaming and cutting slabs, are to be reused as a substitute for the sands and fine particles, respectively, that are normally used to produce plasters. The laboratory tests carried out on the finished product, in accordance with European standards, are as follows: water absorption, specific density, flexural and compressive strength, before and after freeze and thaw cycles, pull out, salt crystallisation cycle resistance and thermal conductivity. Chemical and leaching tests were carried out to verify the possible release of heavy metals into the environment after installation. The product quality was demonstrated as the cement mortars, incorporating the metals, did not allow their release in nature. A sludge recovery, in an unaltered state, was provided to reduce any costs connected to a pre-treatment and to make recovery economically advantageous for the stone sector.
本研究的目的是开发一种新型生态产品，通过符合欧洲标准的废物管理方法，实现硅石锯切污泥的正确回收利用。为实现这一目标，开发了一种用于大孔石膏的热生态砂浆。影响砂浆正确选择的石膏主要特性包括与底层支撑物的良好附着力、不透水性、隔热和隔音性能、机械强度以及允许水分通过墙体周边蒸发的能力。石膏是一种由粘结部分组成的砂浆，其中包含粒径分布选定且不大于2毫米的沙子。用作石膏的污泥必须满足与隔热、防潮、机械强度和良好可注入性相关的要求。为此，将源自卢塞纳石燃烧和切割板的低含量金属污泥分别重新用作通常用于生产石膏的沙子和细颗粒的替代品。根据欧洲标准对成品进行的实验室测试如下：吸水性能、比重、弯曲和抗压强度、冻融循环前后的性能、拔出试验、抗盐结晶循环性能和热导率。进行了化学和浸出试验，以验证安装后重金属可能向环境中的释放情况。由于掺入金属的水泥砂浆不会使其在自然环境中释放，因此证明了该产品的质量。提供了未改变状态的污泥回收利用方法，以降低与预处理相关的任何成本，并使回收利用对石材行业在经济上具有优势。
