Maruta Michio, Makizako Hyuma, Ikeda Yuriko, Miyata Hironori, Nakamura Atsushi, Han Gwanghee, Shimokihara Suguru, Tokuda Keiichiro, Kubozono Takuro, Ohishi Mitsuru, Tomori Kounosuke, Tabira Takayuki
Department of Rehabilitation, Medical Corporation, Sanshukai, Okatsu Hospital, 3-95, Masagohonmachi, Kagoshima 890-0067, Japan.
Doctoral Program of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Health Science, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
J Clin Med. 2020 Mar 14;9(3):795. doi: 10.3390/jcm9030795.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate relationships between individuals' ratings of satisfaction and performance of activities that they found meaningful and depressive symptoms. Data was obtained from 806 older adults (mean age 74.9 ± 6.3 years, women = 63.0%) who participated in a community-based health check survey (Tarumizu Study 2018). Participants selected meaningful activities from 95 activities using the Aid for Decision-Making in Occupation Choice and evaluated their satisfaction and performance. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) and defined by a GDS-15 score of ≥5. Non-linear logistic regression analyses were used separately by gender to examine the association between satisfaction and performance of meaningful activities and depressive symptoms. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 15.8%. We found no significant difference between meaningful activity choice between older adults with depressive symptoms and those without, in both men and women. After adjusting for potential covariates, satisfaction was associated with depressive symptoms in both men (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.35-0.77) and women (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.91), but performance was limited in women (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77-0.99). Our findings suggest that depressive symptoms are associated with satisfaction in meaningful activities regardless of activity categories.
这项横断面研究的目的是调查个体对其认为有意义的活动的满意度和表现与抑郁症状之间的关系。数据来自806名老年人（平均年龄74.9±6.3岁，女性占63.0%），他们参与了一项基于社区的健康检查调查（垂水研究2018）。参与者使用职业选择决策辅助工具从95项活动中选择有意义的活动，并评估他们的满意度和表现。使用15项老年抑郁量表（GDS-15）评估抑郁症状，GDS-15得分≥5被定义为有抑郁症状。按性别分别使用非线性逻辑回归分析来检验有意义活动的满意度和表现与抑郁症状之间的关联。抑郁症状的患病率为15.8%。我们发现，有抑郁症状的老年人和没有抑郁症状的老年人在有意义活动的选择上，无论男性还是女性，均无显著差异。在对潜在协变量进行调整后，满意度在男性（比值比0.52，95%置信区间0.35 - 0.77）和女性（比值比0.67，95%置信区间0.49 - 0.91）中均与抑郁症状相关，但表现仅在女性中存在关联（比值比0.87，95%置信区间0.77 - 0.99）。我们的研究结果表明，无论活动类别如何，抑郁症状都与对有意义活动的满意度相关。
