Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Cell Immunol. 2020 May;351:104088. doi: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104088. Epub 2020 Mar 7.
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are germline-encoded sensors best characterized for their critical role in host defense. However, there is accumulating evidence that organ transplantation induces the release or display of molecular patterns of cellular injury and death that trigger PRR-mediated inflammatory responses. There are also new insights that indicate PRRs are able to distinguish between self and non-self, suggesting the existence of non-clonal mechanisms of allorecognition. Collectively, these reports have spurred considerable interest into whether PRRs or their ligands can be targeted to promote transplant survival. This review examines the mounting evidence that PRRs play in transplant-mediated inflammation. Given the large number of PRRs, we will focus on members from four families: the complement system, toll-like receptors, the formylated peptide receptor, and scavenger receptors through examining reports of their activity in experimental models of cellular and solid organ transplantation as well as in the clinical setting.
模式识别受体（PRRs）是种系编码的传感器，其在宿主防御中的关键作用已得到充分证实。然而，越来越多的证据表明，器官移植会诱导细胞损伤和死亡的分子模式的释放或显示，从而触发 PRR 介导的炎症反应。还有新的见解表明，PRRs 能够区分自我和非自我，这表明存在非克隆的同种异体识别机制。总的来说，这些报告引起了人们极大的兴趣，即 PRRs 或其配体是否可以被靶向以促进移植存活。这篇综述考察了 PRRs 在移植介导的炎症中的作用的大量证据。鉴于 PRRs 的数量众多，我们将重点关注四个家族的成员：补体系统、 Toll 样受体、甲酰肽受体和清道夫受体，通过检查它们在细胞和实体器官移植的实验模型以及临床环境中的活性报告。
