Toloza Ramírez David, Martella Diana
Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2019 Dec;147(12):1594-1612. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872019001201594.
Aging constitutes a series of physical, physiological and cognitive changes, affecting independence in the activities of daily living. During this stage, neurodegenerative diseases and cognitive impairment are common. Cognitive Reserve allows to face neuropathological changes and maintain cognitive function in the presence of brain damage. However, there are cases where a high cognitive reserve fails to attenuate and delay the effects of neuropathology, allowing the progression of cognitive damage to advanced stages. The objective of this systematic review is to identify evidence where high cognitive reserve does not limit the effects of cognitive impairment. Results indicate that the protective effect of cognitive reserve occurs only in the presence of minimal cognitive impairment, but not at later stages.
衰老构成了一系列身体、生理和认知上的变化，影响日常生活活动的独立性。在这个阶段，神经退行性疾病和认知障碍很常见。认知储备能够让人面对神经病理学变化，并在脑损伤的情况下维持认知功能。然而，在某些情况下，高认知储备无法减轻和延缓神经病理学的影响，从而使认知损伤发展到晚期。本系统评价的目的是识别高认知储备并不限制认知障碍影响的证据。结果表明，认知储备的保护作用仅在存在轻度认知障碍时出现，而在后期则不然。
