Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 85179 Sundsvall, Sweden.
Molecules. 2020 Mar 16;25(6):1349. doi: 10.3390/molecules25061349.
Transition metal catalysis in modern organic synthesis has largely focused on noble transition metals like palladium, platinum and ruthenium. The toxicity and low abundance of these metals, however, has led to a rising focus on the development of the more sustainable base metals like iron, copper and nickel for use in catalysis. Iron is a particularly good candidate for this purpose due to its abundance, wide redox potential range, and the ease with which its properties can be tuned through the exploitation of its multiple oxidation states, electron spin states and redox potential. This is a fact made clear by all life on Earth, where iron is used as a cornerstone in the chemistry of living processes. In this mini review, we report on the general advancements in the field of iron catalysis in organic chemistry covering addition reactions, C-H activation, cross-coupling reactions, cycloadditions, isomerization and redox reactions.
现代有机合成中的过渡金属催化主要集中在钯、铂和钌等贵金属上。然而，这些金属的毒性和低丰度促使人们越来越关注开发更可持续的基础金属，如铁、铜和镍，用于催化。铁是一种特别适合的候选金属，因为它的丰度高、氧化还原电位范围广，并且可以通过利用其多种氧化态、电子自旋态和氧化还原电位来轻松调节其性质。这一点在地球上的所有生命中都得到了明确的体现，在那里铁被用作生命过程化学中的基石。在这篇迷你综述中，我们报告了有机化学中铁催化领域的一般进展，涵盖加成反应、C-H 活化、交叉偶联反应、环加成反应、异构化和氧化还原反应。
