Tilson Ronald L, Tenaza Richard R
Research Department, Oklahoma City Zoo.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, California.
Am J Primatol. 1982;2(4):355-361. doi: 10.1002/ajp.1350020404.
Spatial arrangement and social interactions of two sympatric and ecologically similar primate species, Hylobates klossii and Presbytis potenzianai, are described from field observations made between July 1972 and October 1974 on Siberut Island, Indonesia. Gibbon territories and langur home ranges overlap extensively. Because gibbons have the ability to supplant langurs at shared food sources, langurs are at a competitive disadvantage. To avoid or decrease the frequency of hostile interactions with gibbons, langurs locate their core areas on boundaries between adjacent gibbon territories, which permits langurs to retreat across these barriers in response to gibbon movements. Langurs further enhance segregration by leaving their sleeping trees earlier than gibbons, gaining additional feeding time on contested food sources. This form of interspecific spatial organization between gibbons and langurs resembles certain predator-prey spacing systems, where territorial boundaries between adjacent predators serve as sanctuaries for prey populations.
1972年7月至1974年10月期间在印度尼西亚西比路岛进行的实地观察，描述了两种同域且生态相似的灵长类物种——克氏长臂猿（Hylobates klossii）和波氏叶猴（Presbytis potenzianai）的空间布局和社会互动。长臂猿的领地和叶猴的活动范围广泛重叠。由于长臂猿有能力在共享食物来源处排挤叶猴，叶猴处于竞争劣势。为了避免或减少与长臂猿发生敌对互动的频率，叶猴将其核心区域定位在相邻长臂猿领地之间的边界处，这使得叶猴能够根据长臂猿的行动退过这些屏障。叶猴比长臂猿更早离开它们的睡眠树，从而进一步加强隔离，在有争议的食物来源上获得额外的进食时间。长臂猿和叶猴之间的这种种间空间组织形式类似于某些捕食者 - 猎物的间隔系统，相邻捕食者之间的领地边界为猎物种群提供了庇护所。
