Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, London, UK.
J Adv Nurs. 2020 Jul;76(7):1717-1727. doi: 10.1111/jan.14359. Epub 2020 Apr 12.
To establish an understanding of the experiences of newly qualified nurses' working in hospices from the perspective of both newly qualified and senior nurses.
A qualitative interview study.
Semi-structured interviews with six newly qualified nurses and five senior nurses from four UK hospices were conducted between March - July 2017.
The hospices involved in this study were among the first to recruit newly qualified nurses. Participants believed that newly qualified nurses coped well with hospice working and received unique opportunities for professional development. Participants identified the value of formal and informal support, however, newly qualified nurses faced negative attitudes from some established staff. Newly qualified nurses expressed concerns about a perceived lack of technical clinical skills training, however, they highlighted gaining end-of-life care and communication skills that would be transferrable to other settings. Participants highlighted the need to allocate more time for education and formal support including preceptorship. Senior staff did not necessarily expect newly qualified nurses to remain in long-term hospice employment suggesting that they could disseminate their hospice learning to future workplaces.
This study supports recruitment strategies that increasingly target newly qualified nurses to work in hospices with findings suggesting that hospices can be a suitable environment for recent graduates to work in. The senior nurses in this study viewed the employment of newly qualified nurses in a positive light but shared the concerns of newly qualified nurses regarding skills training.
At a time when hospices need to expand if they are going to meet demand for their services, they along with most areas of healthcare face difficulties recruiting and retaining registered nurses. To increase the appeal of hospice employment, recruitment campaigns aimed at newly qualified nurses should emphasize the transferability of skills gained in hospice settings.
从新入职护士和资深护士的角度了解新入职护士在临终关怀机构工作的体验。
定性访谈研究。
2017 年 3 月至 7 月，对来自英国 4 家临终关怀机构的 6 名新入职护士和 5 名资深护士进行了半结构化访谈。
参与本研究的临终关怀机构是首批招聘新入职护士的机构之一。参与者认为新入职护士能够很好地适应临终关怀工作，并获得独特的专业发展机会。参与者认为正式和非正式支持具有价值，但新入职护士面临一些固定员工的负面态度。新入职护士对缺乏技术临床技能培训表示担忧，但他们强调获得临终关怀和沟通技能，这些技能可以转移到其他环境中。参与者强调需要分配更多时间进行教育和正式支持，包括导师制。资深员工并不一定期望新入职护士长期留在临终关怀机构工作，这表明他们可以将临终关怀的学习传播到未来的工作场所。
本研究支持越来越多的将新入职护士招聘到临终关怀机构的策略，研究结果表明临终关怀机构可以成为应届毕业生的合适工作环境。本研究中的资深护士对新入职护士的就业持积极态度，但也分享了新入职护士对技能培训的担忧。
临终关怀机构如果要扩大服务以满足对其服务的需求，就需要像大多数医疗保健领域一样，面临招聘和留住注册护士的困难。为了增加临终关怀机构就业的吸引力，针对新入职护士的招聘活动应强调在临终关怀环境中获得的技能的可转移性。
