Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Division of Internal Medicine, "AOU Maggiore della Carità", 28100 Novara, Italy.
Nutrients. 2020 Mar 17;12(3):789. doi: 10.3390/nu12030789.
Vitamin D is a pleiotropic secosteroid yielding multiple actions in human physiology. Besides the canonical regulatory activity on bone metabolism, several non-classical actions have been described and the ability of vitamin D to partake in the regulation of the immune system is particularly interesting, though far stronger and convincing evidence has been collected in in vitro as compared to in vivo studies. Whether vitamin D is able to regulate at physiological concentrations the human immune system remains unproven to date. Consequently, it is not established if vitamin D status is a factor involved in the pathogenesis of immune-mediated diseases and if cholecalciferol supplementation acts as an adjuvant for autoimmune diseases. The development of autoimmunity is a heterogeneous process, which may involve different organs and systems with a wide range of clinical implications. In the present paper, we reviewed the current evidences regarding vitamin D role in the pathogenesis and management of different autoimmune diseases.
维生素 D 是一种具有多种生物学功能的甾体激素，在人体生理过程中发挥着多种作用。除了对骨骼代谢的经典调节作用外，还描述了其多种非经典作用，维生素 D 参与免疫系统调节的能力尤其引人关注，尽管与体内研究相比，体外研究已经积累了更强有力和更有说服力的证据。目前，维生素 D 是否能够在生理浓度下调节人体免疫系统尚未得到证实。因此，维生素 D 状态是否是免疫介导性疾病发病机制中的一个因素，以及胆钙化醇补充剂是否作为自身免疫性疾病的辅助治疗手段，目前尚无定论。自身免疫的发展是一个异质性的过程，可能涉及不同的器官和系统，并具有广泛的临床意义。在本文中，我们回顾了目前关于维生素 D 在不同自身免疫性疾病发病机制和治疗中的作用的证据。
