School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Australia.
Med Sci Law. 2020 Jul;60(3):200-205. doi: 10.1177/0025802420908483. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
Plague is an acute infectious disease caused by the gram-negative cocco-bacillus . It has been responsible for 200 million deaths throughout history with three major pandemics. There are three forms: bubonic, septicaemic and pneumonic, each carrying a significant mortality rate. The usual transmission is from fleas carried by rodents. Recently, it has been listed as one of the reemerging infectious diseases globally, with a potential use in bioterrorism. At autopsy there may be lymphadenopathy, fulminant pneumonia or diffuse interstitial pneumonitis. However any organ may be affected with myocarditis, meningitis, pharyngitis and hepatic and splenic necrosis. The lethality of plague with the resurgence in numbers of cases, development of antibiotic resistance, recent occurrence in urban areas and the lack of a vaccine make it a disease not to be missed in the mortuary.
鼠疫是一种由革兰氏阴性球菌引起的急性传染病。它在历史上造成了 2 亿人死亡，经历了三次大流行。有三种形式：腺鼠疫、败血型鼠疫和肺鼠疫，每种都有很高的死亡率。通常的传播途径是由啮齿动物携带的跳蚤。最近，它被列为全球新出现的传染病之一，具有生物恐怖主义的潜在用途。尸检时可能有淋巴结病、暴发性肺炎或弥漫性间质性肺炎。然而，任何器官都可能受到影响，包括心肌炎、脑膜炎、咽炎以及肝脾坏死。鼠疫的致死率很高，病例数量不断增加，抗生素耐药性的出现，最近在城市地区的发生以及缺乏疫苗，使得这种疾病在太平间不容忽视。
