University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Rochester, NY, USA.
University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, Rochester, NY, USA.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2020 Apr;29(4):655-659. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2019.11.035.
The purpose of this study was to perform a cross-sectional analysis of diversity among academic shoulder and elbow surgeons in the United States.
US shoulder and elbow surgeons who participated in shoulder and elbow fellowship and/or orthopedic surgery resident education as of November 2018 were included. Demographic data (age, gender, race), practice setting, years in practice, academic rank, and leadership roles were collected through publicly available databases and professional profiles. Descriptive statistics were performed and findings were compared between different racial and gender groups. Statistical significance was set at P <.05.
A total of 186 orthopedic shoulder and elbow surgeons were identified as participating in shoulder and elbow fellowship and/or orthopedic surgery residency education. Overall, 83.9% were white, 14.5% were Asian, 1.1% were Hispanic, 0.5% were an other race, and 0% were African American. In addition, 94.6% of surgeons were male, whereas 5.4% were female. Further, 64.5% of all surgeons had been in practice for >10 years, and 39.2% worked in an urban setting. Less than half (40.3%) of the surgeons practicing primarily at academic institutions held a professor rank. White surgeons had a significantly greater time in practice vs. nonwhite surgeons (mean 18.8 vs. 12.6 years, P < .01) and were more likely to hold a professor rank (44.0% vs. 21.7%, P = .04).
Racial and gender diversity among US shoulder and elbow surgeons who participate in fellowship and residency education is lacking. Hispanic, African American, and female surgeons are underrepresented. Efforts should be made to identify the reasons for these deficiencies and address them to further advance the field of orthopedic shoulder and elbow surgery.
本研究旨在对美国学术肩肘外科医生的多样性进行横断面分析。
纳入截至 2018 年 11 月参加肩肘 fellowship和/或骨科住院医师教育的美国肩肘外科医生。通过公开数据库和专业资料收集人口统计学数据（年龄、性别、种族）、执业地点、执业年限、学术职称和领导角色。进行描述性统计，比较不同种族和性别组的发现。统计学意义设为 P <.05。
共确定 186 名参与肩肘 fellowship和/或骨科住院医师教育的骨科肩肘外科医生。总体而言，83.9%为白人，14.5%为亚裔，1.1%为西班牙裔，0.5%为其他种族，0%为非裔美国人。此外，94.6%的外科医生为男性，5.4%为女性。进一步，64.5%的外科医生执业时间超过 10 年，39.2%在城市环境中工作。在主要在学术机构执业的外科医生中，不到一半（40.3%）拥有教授职称。白人外科医生的执业时间明显长于非白人外科医生（平均 18.8 年 vs. 12.6 年，P <.01），且更有可能担任教授职称（44.0% vs. 21.7%，P =.04）。
参加 fellowship和住院医师教育的美国肩肘外科医生中，种族和性别多样性不足。西班牙裔、非裔美国人和女性外科医生代表性不足。应努力确定这些缺陷的原因并加以解决，以进一步推动骨科肩肘外科学领域的发展。
