Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Carol & Richard Yu PD Research Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Nephrology Service, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, University of Guadalajara Health Sciences Center, Guadalajara, Jal., Mexico.
Arch Argent Pediatr. 2020 Apr;118(2):e148. doi: 10.5546/aap.2020.eng.e148.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rapidly becoming the 5th most common cause of years of life lost globally by 2040. Crucially, the onset and progression of CKD is often preventable. The World Kidney Day 2020 campaign highlights the importance of preventive interventions on CKD. Primary prevention should focus on risks modification as well as reduced exposure to environmental risk factors and nephrotoxins. Blood pressure optimization and glycemic control should be one of the main interventions in persons with pre-existing kidney disease. Management of co-morbidities such as uremia and cardiovascular disease is highly recommended to avoid or delay dialysis or kidney transplantation. Globally, specific policies directed toward education and awareness about CKD screening, management and treatment are often lacking. Hence, there is an urgent need to increase the awareness of the importance of preventive measures throughout populations, professionals and policy makers around the world.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）在 2040 年迅速成为全球导致生命损失年数的第 5 大常见原因。至关重要的是，CKD 的发病和进展通常是可以预防的。2020 年世界肾脏日活动强调了对 CKD 进行预防干预的重要性。一级预防应侧重于对风险因素的调整，以及减少接触环境风险因素和肾毒物。在有预先存在的肾脏疾病的人群中，血压优化和血糖控制应成为主要干预措施之一。强烈建议对尿毒症和心血管疾病等合并症进行管理，以避免或延迟透析或肾移植。在全球范围内，针对 CKD 筛查、管理和治疗的具体政策往往缺乏。因此，迫切需要提高全世界人群、专业人员和决策者对预防措施重要性的认识。
