Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 1005 N Glebe Rd, Suite 800, Arlington, VA 22201, United States.
J Safety Res. 2020 Feb;72:145-151. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2019.11.005. Epub 2019 Dec 31.
Automobile manufacturers are developing increasingly sophisticated driving automation systems. Currently, the highest level of automation available on the market is SAE Level 2, which provides sustained assistance for both lateral and longitudinal vehicle control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how drivers' perceptions of what behaviors secondary to driving are safe while a Level 2 system is operating vary by system name.
A nationally representative telephone survey of 2005 drivers was conducted in 2018 with questions about behaviors respondents perceived as safe while a Level 2 driving automation system is in operation. Each respondent was asked about two out of five system names at random for a balanced study design.
The name "Autopilot" was associated with the highest likelihood that drivers believed a behavior was safe while in operation, for every behavior measured. There was less variation observed among the other four SAE Level 2 system names when compared with each other. A limited proportion of drivers had experience with advanced driver assistance systems and fewer of these reported driving a vehicle in which Level 2 systems were available. Drivers reported that they would consult a variety of sources for information on how to use a Level 2 system.
The names of SAE Level 2 driving automation systems influence drivers' perceptions of how to use them, and the name "Autopilot" was associated with the strongest effect. While a name alone cannot properly instruct drivers on how to use a system, it is a piece of information and must be considered so that drivers are not misled about the correct usage of these systems. Practical Applications: Manufacturers, suppliers, and organizations regulating or evaluating SAE Level 2 automated driving systems should ensure that systems are named so as not to mislead drivers about their safe use.
汽车制造商正在开发越来越先进的驾驶自动化系统。目前，市场上可提供的最高自动化级别是 SAE 级别 2，它为车辆的横向和纵向控制提供持续的辅助。本研究旨在评估驾驶员对在 SAE 级别 2 系统运行时哪些次要驾驶行为是安全的看法因系统名称而异。
2018 年对 2005 名驾驶员进行了一项全国代表性的电话调查，问题是关于驾驶员在 SAE 级别 2 驾驶自动化系统运行时感知到的安全行为。为了平衡研究设计，每个受访者随机被问到五个系统名称中的两个。
在测量的每种行为中，“自动驾驶”这个名称与驾驶员认为行为安全的可能性最高相关。与其他四个 SAE 级别 2 系统名称相比，其他四个名称之间观察到的变化较小。只有有限比例的驾驶员有先进驾驶员辅助系统的经验，其中更少的人报告驾驶过配备有 SAE 级别 2 系统的车辆。驾驶员报告说，他们会从各种来源查询有关如何使用 SAE 级别 2 系统的信息。
SAE 级别 2 驾驶自动化系统的名称影响驾驶员对如何使用它们的看法，而“自动驾驶”这个名称的影响最大。虽然一个名称本身并不能正确指导驾驶员如何使用系统，但它是一条信息，必须予以考虑，以免驾驶员对这些系统的正确使用产生误解。
制造商、供应商和监管或评估 SAE 级别 2 自动化驾驶系统的组织应确保系统的命名不会误导驾驶员对其安全使用的认识。
