Masika Golden M, Yu Doris S F, Li Polly W C
The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong.
Department of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania.
J Adv Nurs. 2020 Aug;76(8):1892-1910. doi: 10.1111/jan.14362. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
AIMS: To investigate the effects of visual art therapy (VAT) on cognitive and psychological outcomes and explore the crucial design characteristics of VAT that might be associated with greater cognitive benefits among older adults. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Peer reviewed articles were searched from Medline, EMBASE, Global Health, Cochrane Library, Ovid Nursing database, PsycINFO, British Nursing Index, and CINAHL Complete from inception of the databases to September 2019. REVIEW METHODS: This review and meta-analysis was conducted and reported according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to examine the risk of bias of the studies. Narrative synthesis and quantitative meta-analysis were performed. RESULT: Twelve articles published between 2004-2019 involving 831 participants were identified. VAT significantly improved global cognitive function compared with different control groups (Hedges' g = 0.348 [95% CI = 0.026-0.671], p = .034, I = 66.570%). VAT also demonstrated psychological benefits in reducing depressive symptoms and anxiety. By systematic comparison of the intervention designs, it seems that those with greater cognitive benefit involved a higher level of creativity and optimized the use of essential components including art education, reminiscence, art processing, cognitive evaluation, art crafts/modelling, and socialization. CONCLUSION: Visual art therapy could be effective in improving cognitive functions and the associated psychological symptoms. Therefore, it can be adopted as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for preventing cognitive decline and dementia. IMPACT: This review answers the key question about the pooled effect of VAT as nonpharmacological therapy on preventing or managing dementia. In addition, it informs on the design characteristics of an effective VAT for implementing among older adults. This research will have an impact on the gerontological care and support the evidence about non-pharmacological approaches to prevent and manage dementia.
目的：探讨视觉艺术疗法（VAT）对认知和心理结果的影响，并探索VAT的关键设计特征，这些特征可能与老年人更大的认知益处相关。 设计：系统评价和荟萃分析。 数据来源：从Medline、EMBASE、全球健康、Cochrane图书馆、Ovid护理数据库、PsycINFO、英国护理索引和CINAHL Complete中检索自数据库建立至2019年9月的同行评审文章。 综述方法：本综述和荟萃分析按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南进行并报告。采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具检查研究的偏倚风险。进行叙述性综合和定量荟萃分析。 结果：确定了2004年至2019年发表的12篇文章，涉及831名参与者。与不同对照组相比，VAT显著改善了整体认知功能（Hedges' g = 0.348 [95% CI = 0.026 - 0.671]，p = 0.034，I² = 66.570%）。VAT在减轻抑郁症状和焦虑方面也显示出心理益处。通过对干预设计的系统比较，似乎那些具有更大认知益处的干预涉及更高水平的创造力，并优化了包括艺术教育、回忆、艺术加工、认知评估、艺术手工/造型和社交等基本要素的使用。 结论：视觉艺术疗法可能对改善认知功能和相关心理症状有效。因此，它可作为预防认知衰退和痴呆的有效非药物干预措施。 影响：本综述回答了关于VAT作为非药物疗法预防或管理痴呆的综合效应的关键问题。此外，它还介绍了在老年人中实施有效VAT的设计特征。这项研究将对老年护理产生影响，并支持关于预防和管理痴呆的非药物方法的证据。
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