Center for Neuroscience Research, Children's Research Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Wenzhou Medical University, Ouhai, Wenzhou, China.
Nat Neurosci. 2020 Apr;23(4):533-543. doi: 10.1038/s41593-020-0592-z. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
Learning disabilities are hallmarks of congenital conditions caused by prenatal exposure to harmful agents. These include fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) with a wide range of cognitive deficiencies, including impaired motor skill development. Although these effects have been well characterized, the molecular effects that bring about these behavioral consequences remain to be determined. We previously found that the acute molecular responses to alcohol in the embryonic brain are stochastic, varying among neural progenitor cells. However, the pathophysiological consequences stemming from these heterogeneous responses remain unknown. Here we show that acute responses to alcohol in progenitor cells altered gene expression in their descendant neurons. Among the altered genes, an increase of the calcium-activated potassium channel Kcnn2 in the motor cortex correlated with motor learning deficits in a mouse model of FASD. Pharmacologic blockade of Kcnn2 improves these learning deficits, suggesting Kcnn2 blockers as a new intervention for learning disabilities in FASD.
学习障碍是由产前暴露于有害因子引起的先天性疾病的特征。这些疾病包括胎儿酒精谱系障碍(FASD),其具有广泛的认知缺陷,包括运动技能发育受损。尽管这些影响已经得到很好的描述,但导致这些行为后果的分子影响仍有待确定。我们之前发现,胚胎大脑中对酒精的急性分子反应是随机的,在神经祖细胞之间存在差异。然而,源自这些异质反应的病理生理后果尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明祖细胞对酒精的急性反应改变了其后代神经元中的基因表达。在改变的基因中,运动皮层中钙激活钾通道 Kcnn2 的增加与 FASD 小鼠模型中的运动学习缺陷相关。Kcnn2 的药理学阻断可改善这些学习缺陷,表明 Kcnn2 阻断剂可作为 FASD 学习障碍的新干预措施。