Alhawarat Mohammad, Khader Yousef, Shadfan Bassam, Kaplan Nasser, Iblan Ibrahim
Jordan Field Epidemiology Training Program, Jordan Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan.
Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2020 Mar 24;6(1):e14439. doi: 10.2196/14439.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in the Middle East, with countries such as Syria reporting high incidence rates.
This study aimed to assess the trends in the incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Jordan from 2010 to 2016.
This retrospective study included all cases of CL that had been reported to the Leishmaniasis Surveillance System in the Department of Communicable Diseases at the Jordan Ministry of Health during the period from 2010 to 2016. A total of 1243 cases were reported and met the case definition.
A total of 1243 cases (60.65% [754/1243] males and 39.34% [489/1243] females) were diagnosed during the study period. Of this sample, 233 patients (19.13%) were aged <5 years old, 451 (37.03%) were aged between 5-14 years old, 190 (15.60%) were aged between 15-24 years old, and 344 (28.24%) were aged ≥25 years old. Of those, 646 (51.97%) were Jordanians and 559 (44.97%) were Syrians. The average annual incidence rate of 1.70 per 100,000 people between 2010 and 2013 increased to 3.00 per 100,000 people in the years 2014 to 2016. There was no difference in incidence rates between Jordanians and Syrian refugees between 2010 and 2012. After 2012, the incidence rate increased significantly among Syrian refugees from 1.20 per 100,000 people in 2012 to 11.80 per 100,000 people in 2016. On the contrary, the incidence rate did not change significantly among Jordanians.
The incidence rate of leishmaniasis in Jordan has increased in the last three years because of the influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan. A massive effort toward reservoir and vector control, along with actively pursuing diagnosis in endemic foci, will be helpful. Proper and studious reporting of cases is also a necessity for the eradication of this disease.
皮肤利什曼病（CL）在中东地区呈地方性流行，叙利亚等国家报告的发病率较高。
本研究旨在评估2010年至2016年约旦皮肤利什曼病（CL）的发病率趋势。
这项回顾性研究纳入了2010年至2016年期间向约旦卫生部传染病司利什曼病监测系统报告的所有CL病例。共报告了1243例病例，均符合病例定义。
在研究期间共诊断出1243例病例（男性占60.65%[754/1243]，女性占39.34%[489/1243]）。在该样本中，233名患者（19.13%）年龄<5岁，451名（37.03%）年龄在5 - 14岁之间，190名（15.60%）年龄在15 - 24岁之间，344名（28.24%）年龄≥25岁。其中，646名（51.97%）是约旦人，559名（44.97%）是叙利亚人。2010年至2013年期间每10万人的年均发病率为1.70，2014年至2016年期间增至每10万人3.00。2010年至2012年期间，约旦人和叙利亚难民的发病率没有差异。2012年之后，叙利亚难民的发病率从2012年的每10万人1.20显著增至2016年的每10万人11.80。相反，约旦人的发病率没有显著变化。
由于叙利亚难民涌入约旦，约旦利什曼病的发病率在过去三年有所上升。对宿主和病媒进行大规模控制，同时在流行地区积极开展诊断工作，将有所帮助。正确且认真地报告病例也是根除这种疾病的必要条件。
