Department of Medical Education Research and Development, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Curricular Institutional Research Division, Institute of Education, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
J Dent Educ. 2020 Jul;84(7):792-798. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12150. Epub 2020 Mar 26.
Dental students follow different academic performance trajectories in response to increasing study load, based on individual and school factors. Group-based trajectory modeling is useful for clarifying the underlying trajectory patterns of students' academic performance and its determinants. To our knowledge, no studies have used group-based trajectory modeling to examine the effects of individual and school factors on academic performance trajectories in dental students. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of individual and school factors on academic performance trajectories in Japanese dental students using group-based trajectory modeling.
The analytical sample consists of 103 dental students admitted to Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, in 2013 and 2014. Students' academic performance was assessed by biannual grade point average (GPA) score and GPA in the preclinical phase (second to fourth grade) was used for this study. We used group-based trajectory modeling to categorize students' GPA trajectories into different groups. A multinomial logistic regression model was fit to examine associations between students' individual and school factors, and odds of being assigned to certain GPA groups.
GPA trajectories of dental students were classified into 4 different groups. Students' past academic performance in high school was associated with lower GPA trajectories and withdrawal or repeating years. Males were significantly associated with lower GPA trajectories and withdrawal or repeating years, even after adjusting for past academic performance.
Past lower academic performance and being male were positively associated with lower academic performance trajectories in Japanese dental students.
由于学习负担的增加，牙科学生的学业表现会根据个人和学校因素呈现出不同的轨迹。基于群组的轨迹建模对于厘清学生学业表现及其决定因素的潜在轨迹模式非常有用。据我们所知，目前还没有研究使用基于群组的轨迹建模来研究个体和学校因素对牙科学生学业表现轨迹的影响。本研究的目的是使用基于群组的轨迹建模来研究个体和学校因素对日本牙科学生学业表现轨迹的影响。
分析样本包括 2013 年和 2014 年进入日本东京医科齿科大学的 103 名牙科学生。学生的学业表现通过每学期的平均绩点（GPA）分数来评估，本研究使用了临床前阶段（二至四年级）的 GPA。我们使用基于群组的轨迹建模将学生的 GPA 轨迹分为不同的群组。使用多项逻辑回归模型来检验学生的个体和学校因素与被分配到特定 GPA 组的可能性之间的关联。
牙科学生的 GPA 轨迹可分为 4 个不同的群组。学生在高中时的过往学业成绩与较低的 GPA 轨迹和退学或复读有关。即使在调整了过往学业成绩后，男性与较低的 GPA 轨迹和退学或复读显著相关。
过去成绩较低和男性与日本牙科学生较低的学业表现轨迹呈正相关。
