Baptista Liliana C, Sun Yi, Carter Christy S, Buford Thomas W
Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Front Nutr. 2020 Mar 11;7:17. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00017. eCollection 2020.
Cognitive frailty is a geriatric condition defined by the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty. This "composite" aging phenotype is associated with a higher risk of several adverse health-related outcomes, including dementia. In the last decade, cognitive frailty has gained increased attention from the scientific community that has focused on understanding the clinical impact and the physiological and pathological mechanisms of development and on identifying preventive and/or rehabilitative therapeutic interventions. The emergence of gut microbiome in neural signaling increased the interest in targeting the gut-brain axis as a modulation strategy. Multiple studies on gastroenteric, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases support the existence of a wide bidirectional communication network of signaling mediators, e.g., bioactive lipids, that can modulate inflammation, gut permeability, microbiota composition, and the gut-brain axis. This crosstalk between the gut-brain axis, microbiome, and bioactive lipids may emerge as the basis of a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract cognitive frailty. In this review, we summarize the evidence in the literature regarding the link between the gut microbiome, brain, and several families of bioactive lipids. In addition, we also explore the applicability of several bioactive lipid members as a potential routes for therapeutic interventions to combat cognitive frailty.
认知衰弱是一种老年疾病，定义为认知障碍和身体衰弱同时存在。这种“复合”衰老表型与包括痴呆症在内的几种不良健康相关结局的较高风险相关。在过去十年中，认知衰弱越来越受到科学界的关注，科学界专注于了解其临床影响、发展的生理和病理机制，并确定预防和/或康复治疗干预措施。肠道微生物群在神经信号传导中的出现增加了将肠-脑轴作为一种调节策略的研究兴趣。多项关于胃肠疾病、代谢疾病和神经退行性疾病的研究支持存在一个由信号介质（如生物活性脂质）构成的广泛双向通信网络，这些信号介质可调节炎症、肠道通透性、微生物群组成和肠-脑轴。肠-脑轴、微生物群和生物活性脂质之间的这种相互作用可能成为对抗认知衰弱的一种有前景的治疗策略的基础。在这篇综述中，我们总结了文献中关于肠道微生物群、大脑和几类生物活性脂质之间联系的证据。此外，我们还探讨了几种生物活性脂质成员作为对抗认知衰弱的治疗干预潜在途径的适用性。
