Role of Aquaporins in Spermatogenesis and Testicular Steroidogenesis.

The transport of water and several other small molecules across cell membranes is vital in many of the processes underlying reproduction. Fluid transport in cells and tissues inclusive of male reproductive organs are regulated by disparate isoforms of aquaporins (AQPs) in living organisms. Alteration in the expression, function and/or regulation of AQPs leads to some forms of male subfertility and infertility. The emerging role of AQPs in male and female reproductive function has been revealed in recent times. However, the role of AQPs with reference to male reproductive system needs to be explored in greater detail. This review emphasizes the distribution of AQPs and their physiological and pathophysiological role in spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis; and understanding the molecular mechanisms behind AQPs mediated regulation of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis will help us in developing treatment strategies towards improved reproductive health.