University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 2020 Mar 17;81(2):UT17042BR1C. doi: 10.4088/JCP.UT17042BR1C.
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders, affecting more than 300 million people of all ages globally, and is now the leading cause of disability. Despite the availability of effective psychological and pharmacologic treatments, depression recognition and treatment rates remain low. Clinicians can improve the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of depression by using a measurement-based care approach. The systematic use of validated screening tools can improve recognition and diagnosis. The US Preventive Services Task force recommends routine screening of depression in adults and adolescents as long as systems are in place for accurate diagnosis, treatment initiation, and appropriate follow-up. Here, tools and diagnostic criteria are described.
抑郁症是最常见的精神障碍之一，影响着全球各个年龄段的超过 3 亿人，现已成为导致残疾的首要原因。尽管有有效的心理和药物治疗方法，但抑郁症的识别和治疗率仍然很低。临床医生可以通过采用基于测量的护理方法来提高对抑郁症的识别、诊断和治疗水平。系统使用经过验证的筛查工具可以提高识别和诊断的准确性。美国预防服务工作组建议对成年人和青少年进行常规的抑郁症筛查，只要有系统可以进行准确的诊断、治疗启动和适当的随访。这里描述了一些工具和诊断标准。
