Department of Epidemiology, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China; Troop 94498 of PLA, Nanyang, China.
Medical Record Room of Information Department, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jun 25;723:137923. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137923. Epub 2020 Mar 13.
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a well-known "toxic gas". It represents a toxic inhalation hazard at high concentration and is commonly found in polluted air. However, a series of recent studies have suggested that low concentration of CO can also produce protective functions. This study was performed to investigate the association between ambient CO exposure and vaginitis outpatient visits. Daily baseline outpatient data of vaginitis from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015 were obtained from Xi'an, a heavily-polluted metropolis in China. The over-dispersed Poisson generalized additive model was applied to discover the relations between short-term ambient CO exposure and the number of vaginitis outpatient visits by adjusting day of the week and weather conditions. A total of 16,825 outpatient hospital visits for vaginitis were recorded. The mean daily concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) was well below Chinese and WHO guidelines. During the study period, increased levels of ambient CO was associated with reduced outpatient-visits through concurrent to lag 5 days, and the most significant association was evidenced at lag 05. A 0.1 mg/m increase in daily average CO at lag 05 corresponded to -1.25% (95%CI: -1.85%, -0.65%) change in outpatient-visits for vaginitis. Moreover, the association was more significant in those women aged 20-29 years. After adjustment for PM, PM, SO, and NO, and O, the negative associations of CO with vaginitis kept significant, suggesting relative stability of effect estimates. In summary, this is the first evidence that increased ambient CO exposure can be related to reduced daily outpatient visits for vaginitis. The results of our study may not only help to establish more comprehensive understanding of the health effects of ambient air on vaginitis and other gynecological diseases, but also provide a clue to new potential interventions.
一氧化碳（CO）是一种众所周知的“有毒气体”。它在高浓度时代表着有毒的吸入危害，并且通常存在于污染的空气中。然而，一系列最近的研究表明，低浓度的 CO 也可以产生保护作用。本研究旨在探讨环境 CO 暴露与阴道炎门诊就诊之间的关联。本研究从中国污染严重的大都市西安获取了 2013 年 1 月 1 日至 2015 年 12 月 31 日的阴道炎每日基线门诊数据。应用过度分散泊松广义加性模型，通过调整周几和天气条件，发现短期环境 CO 暴露与阴道炎门诊就诊人数之间的关系。共记录了 16825 例阴道炎门诊就诊。一氧化碳（CO）的平均日浓度远低于中国和世卫组织的指导值。在研究期间，环境 CO 水平升高与同时到滞后 5 天的门诊就诊人数减少有关，在滞后 05 天的关联最显著。滞后 05 天每日平均 CO 增加 0.1mg/m3 与阴道炎门诊就诊人数减少 1.25%（95%CI：-1.85%，-0.65%）相对应。此外，在 20-29 岁的女性中，这种关联更为显著。在校正 PM、PM、SO 和 NO 以及 O 后，CO 与阴道炎之间的负相关关系仍然显著，表明效应估计值相对稳定。总之，这是首次有证据表明，环境 CO 暴露增加与阴道炎每日门诊就诊人数减少有关。我们的研究结果不仅有助于更全面地了解环境空气对阴道炎和其他妇科疾病的健康影响，而且为新的潜在干预措施提供了线索。
