NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Schizophr Res. 2022 May;243:241-246. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.03.015. Epub 2020 Mar 25.
Impaired social functioning is a core feature of schizophrenia spectrum (SZS) and bipolar spectrum disorders (BDS). Childhood traumatic events are more frequent in SZS and BDS than in healthy individuals (HC), and could represent a cumulative risk for reduced social functioning beyond experiencing ongoing clinical symptoms.
The study comprised 1039 individuals (SZS [n = 348]; BDS [n = 262], and HC [n = 429]). Childhood trauma and level of social functioning was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Social Functioning Scale (SFS), respectively. Diagnosis was obtained by the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV).
Patients had poorer social functioning (F = 819.18, p ˂ 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.44) and reported more childhood trauma experiences than HC (X = 289.0, p < .001) than HC. Patients with at least one moderate to severe trauma had poorer social functioning than patients without childhood trauma (F = 8.16, p = .004, Cohen's d = 0.17). Within the patients, a cumulative relationship was observed in that more severe childhood trauma was associated with lower social functioning (F = 2.65, p = .02, Cohen's d = 0.20). No significant associations were observed for having at least one moderate to severe trauma or cumulative traumas on social functioning in the HC. Follow-up analysis showed that patients in remission childhood trauma also had poorer social functioning.
Patients who reported childhood trauma experiences had poorer social functioning both during an active illness phase and in remission.
社会功能障碍是精神分裂症谱系（SZS）和双相谱系障碍（BDS）的核心特征。与健康个体（HC）相比，SZS 和 BDS 患者经历过更多的童年创伤事件，这些事件可能代表了除了持续的临床症状之外，导致社会功能下降的累积风险。
该研究纳入了 1039 名个体（SZS [n=348]；BDS [n=262]，和 HC [n=429]）。童年创伤和社会功能水平分别通过童年创伤问卷（CTQ）和社会功能量表（SFS）进行评估。诊断通过精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版（DSM-IV）的定式临床访谈（SCID）获得。
患者的社会功能更差（F=819.18，p<0.001，Cohen's d=0.44），并且报告了比 HC 更多的童年创伤经历（X=289.0，p<.001）。至少有一种中度至重度创伤的患者比没有童年创伤的患者社会功能更差（F=8.16，p=0.004，Cohen's d=0.17）。在患者中，观察到一种累积关系，即更严重的童年创伤与较低的社会功能相关（F=2.65，p=0.02，Cohen's d=0.20）。在 HC 中，没有观察到至少有一种中度至重度创伤或累积创伤与社会功能之间存在显著关联。随访分析显示，童年创伤缓解的患者社会功能也较差。
报告有童年创伤经历的患者在疾病活跃期和缓解期的社会功能都较差。
