National Institute of Nutrition, Pathology and Microbiology Division, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, India.
O&G Department, Gandhi Hospital, Secunderabad, India.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2022 Mar;35(6):1045-1053. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1742317. Epub 2020 Mar 29.
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency disorder in pregnant women. During pregnancy, placental transport protein Divalent metal transporter1 (DMT1) plays a crucial role in transit of iron across placenta. The developing fetus is observed to be immune to anemia despite presence of anemia in the mother. Hence, we planned the present study to explore the effect of maternal IDA on the expression of DMT1 in the placenta.
Two hundred pregnant women recruited, were divided into anemic and nonanemic groups based on their predelivery hemoglobin levels (<11 g/dL and ≥11 g/dL respectively). After delivery, placental expression of DMT1 was studied by immunohistochemistry and mRNA analysis and neonatal anthropometry was performed.
Of the 200 women recruited, 58.8% were anemic with 60.35% having moderate anemia. Most of the red cell parameters were observed to be higher in cord blood than mothers. DMT1 protein immunohistochemical expression showed a statistically significant increase with increasing severity of anemia. Similarly, placental mRNA expression levels of DMT1 gene were observed to be higher in anemic mothers in comparison with nonanemic mothers.
Our study thus demonstrated a definite increase in expression of DMT1 at both protein and mRNA levels in term placenta, in maternal IDA.
缺铁性贫血（IDA）是孕妇中最常见的营养缺乏症。在怀孕期间，胎盘转运蛋白二价金属转运蛋白 1（DMT1）在铁穿过胎盘的转运中起着至关重要的作用。尽管母亲存在贫血，但发育中的胎儿被观察到对贫血具有免疫力。因此，我们计划进行本研究以探讨母体 IDA 对胎盘 DMT1 表达的影响。
招募了 200 名孕妇，根据分娩前的血红蛋白水平（<11g/dL 和≥11g/dL）将其分为贫血组和非贫血组。分娩后，通过免疫组织化学和 mRNA 分析研究了 DMT1 的胎盘表达，并进行了新生儿人体测量学评估。
在招募的 200 名妇女中，58.8%为贫血，其中 60.35%为中度贫血。与母亲相比，脐带血中的大多数红细胞参数都较高。DMT1 蛋白免疫组化表达显示随着贫血严重程度的增加而呈统计学显著增加。同样，与非贫血母亲相比，贫血母亲的胎盘 DMT1 基因的 mRNA 表达水平也更高。
因此，我们的研究表明在母体 IDA 时，在足月胎盘中 DMT1 的表达在蛋白和 mRNA 水平上均明显增加。
