Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University Bratislava, Martin, Slovak
Physiol Res. 2020 Mar 27;69(Suppl 1):S69-S79. doi: 10.33549/physiolres.934405.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is most commonly manifested by the presence of motor symptoms. However, non-motor symptoms occur several years before the onset of motor symptoms themselves. Hallmarks of dysfunction of the respiratory system are still outside the main focus of interest, whether by clinicians or scientists, despite their indisputable contribution to the morbidity and mortality of patients suffering from PD. In addition, many of the respiratory symptoms are already present in the early stages of the disease and efforts to utilize these parameters in the early diagnosis of PD are now intensifying. Mechanisms that lead to the development and progression of respiratory symptoms are only partially understood. This review focuses mainly on the comparison of respiratory problems observed in clinical studies with available findings obtained from experimental animal models. It also explains pathological changes observed in non-neuronal tissues in subjects with PD.
帕金森病（PD）最常见的表现为运动症状。然而，非运动症状在运动症状出现前几年就已经出现。尽管呼吸系统功能障碍的标志对 PD 患者的发病率和死亡率有不可否认的贡献，但它们仍然不在临床医生或科学家的主要关注范围内。此外，许多呼吸系统症状在疾病的早期阶段就已经存在，目前正在加紧努力利用这些参数来早期诊断 PD。导致呼吸症状发展和进展的机制仅部分得到理解。本综述主要侧重于将临床研究中观察到的呼吸问题与从实验动物模型中获得的现有发现进行比较。它还解释了 PD 患者的非神经组织中观察到的病理变化。
