State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China; email:
Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng. 2020 Jun 7;11:131-153. doi: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-112019-084830. Epub 2020 Mar 30.
In the wake of sustainable development, materials research is going through a green revolution that is putting energy-efficient and environmentally friendly materials and methods in the limelight. In this quest for greener alternatives, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a new generation of designable crystalline porous polymers for a wide array of clean-energy and environmental applications. In this contribution, we categorically review the merits and shortcomings of COF bulk powders, nanosheets, freestanding thin films/membranes, and membranes on porous supports in various separation processes, including separation of gases, pervaporation, organic solvent nanofiltration, water purification, radionuclide sequestration, and chiral separations, with particular reference to COF material pore size, host-guest interactions, stability, selectivity, and permeability. This review covers the fabrication strategies of nanosheets, films, and membranes, as well as performance parameters, and provides an overview of the separation landscape with COFs in relation to other porous polymers, while seeking to interpret the future research opportunities in this field.
在可持续发展的背景下，材料研究正在经历一场绿色革命，节能、环保的材料和方法成为关注焦点。在寻求更绿色的替代品的过程中，共价有机框架（COFs）作为新一代可设计的结晶多孔聚合物，在各种清洁能源和环境应用中崭露头角。在本综述中，我们全面地评价了 COF 块状粉末、纳米片、独立的薄膜/膜和多孔载体上的膜在各种分离过程中的优缺点，包括气体分离、渗透蒸发、有机溶剂纳滤、水净化、放射性核素螯合和手性分离，特别提到 COF 材料的孔径、主客体相互作用、稳定性、选择性和渗透性。本综述涵盖了纳米片、薄膜和膜的制备策略以及性能参数，并概述了 COFs 在与其他多孔聚合物相关的分离领域的情况，同时试图解释该领域的未来研究机会。
