Department of Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia.
School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2020 Aug;20(8):613-618. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2019.2608. Epub 2020 Mar 31.
West Nile virus (WNV) has become one of the new challenges for transplant programs. In addition to transmission by mosquito bite, interhuman transmission is possible through blood products or organ transplantation. Majority of WNV infections present as asymptomatic or mild febrile illness, with less than 1% of infected developing neuroinvasive disease. Many studies report naturally acquired or donor-derived WNV infections in solid-organ transplant recipients, mainly kidney, but also liver, heart, lungs and pancreas. Given the much higher risk of neuroinvasive disease (40% and even higher) based on serologic and clinical studies and increased mortality in transplant population, WNV infection should be considered in all patients presented with fever and neurological symptoms after transplantation, especially during the arbovirus transmission season.
西尼罗河病毒（WNV）已成为移植项目的新挑战之一。除了通过蚊子叮咬传播外，人与人之间也可以通过血液制品或器官移植传播。大多数 WNV 感染表现为无症状或轻度发热疾病，不到 1%的感染者会发展为神经侵袭性疾病。许多研究报告称，实体器官移植受者（主要是肾脏，但也有肝脏、心脏、肺和胰腺）中存在自然获得或供体来源的 WNV 感染。鉴于基于血清学和临床研究的神经侵袭性疾病风险更高（40%甚至更高），以及移植人群中的死亡率增加，因此，在移植后出现发热和神经症状的所有患者中，均应考虑WNV 感染，特别是在虫媒病毒传播季节。
