School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.
School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1TN, UK.
Proc Biol Sci. 2020 Apr 8;287(1924):20192453. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2453. Epub 2020 Apr 1.
Natural habitats contain dynamic elements, such as varying local illumination. Can such features mitigate the salience of organism movement? Dynamic illumination is particularly prevalent in coral reefs, where patterns known as 'water caustics' play chaotically in the shallows. In behavioural experiments with a wild-caught reef fish, the Picasso triggerfish (), we demonstrate that the presence of dynamic water caustics negatively affects the detection of moving prey items, as measured by attack latency, relative to static water caustic controls. Manipulating two further features of water caustics (sharpness and scale) implies that the masking effect should be most effective in shallow water: scenes with fine scale and sharp water caustics induce the longest attack latencies. Due to the direct impact upon foraging efficiency, we expect the presence of dynamic water caustics to influence decisions about habitat choice and foraging by wild prey and predators.
自然栖息地包含动态元素，例如局部光照的变化。这些特征能否降低生物运动的显著性？动态光照在珊瑚礁中尤为普遍，在那里，被称为“水折射”的图案在浅水中混乱地出现。在对一种野生捕获的礁鱼，即 Picasso 扳机鱼（）进行的行为实验中，我们证明，动态水折射的存在会对移动猎物的检测产生负面影响，这可以通过攻击潜伏期来衡量，与静态水折射对照相比。操纵水折射的另外两个特征（锐度和尺度）表明，掩蔽效应在浅水中应该最有效：具有精细尺度和锐利水折射的场景会导致最长的攻击潜伏期。由于对觅食效率有直接影响，我们预计动态水折射的存在会影响野生猎物和捕食者对栖息地选择和觅食的决策。
