Hortense Flávia Tatiana Pedrolo, Bergerot Cristiane Decat, Domenico Edvane Birelo Lopes De
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States of America.
Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2020 Mar 27;54:e03546. doi: 10.1590/S1980-220X2018040103546. eCollection 2020.
To evaluate an educational program based on the principles of self-management with a conventional educational program through quality of life, anxiety and depression instruments within 12 months of starting cancer treatment.
An experimental, randomized, controlled study conducted with head and neck cancer patients treated at a university hospital in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: the control group submitted to the conventional educational plan, and the experimental group submitted to the educational plan for self-management. Descriptive and analytical statistics were used for the analyzes using the t-test, Fischer's exact test and Repeated Measures ANOVA.
Twenty (20) patients were selected. Most participants were male, in advanced stages of disease and undergoing three therapeutic modalities. The control group showed a gradual decrease in quality of life scores during treatment, while the experimental group progressively increased. The correlation was significant between the presence of anxiety and depression symptoms and poor quality of life. Patients in the control group had a significant worsening in social/family well-being (P = 0.02) and the prevalence of additional head and neck cancer-related additional concerns (P = 0.01), while the experimental group had reduced anxiety symptoms (P = 0.001) and improved emotional well-being (P = 0.01).
The educational intervention based on building self-management skills favored quality of life and reduced anxiety and depression. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR 2q53ct).
在癌症治疗开始后的12个月内，通过生活质量、焦虑和抑郁量表，将基于自我管理原则的教育项目与传统教育项目进行评估对比。
在巴西圣保罗市一家大学医院对接受治疗的头颈癌患者进行一项实验性、随机对照研究。患者被随机分为两组：对照组接受传统教育计划，实验组接受自我管理教育计划。采用描述性和分析性统计方法，运用t检验、费舍尔精确检验和重复测量方差分析进行分析。
选取了20名患者。大多数参与者为男性，处于疾病晚期，接受三种治疗方式。对照组在治疗期间生活质量得分逐渐下降，而实验组则逐渐上升。焦虑和抑郁症状的存在与生活质量差之间存在显著相关性。对照组患者的社会/家庭幸福感显著恶化（P = 0.02），与头颈癌相关的其他额外担忧的患病率显著增加（P = 0.01），而实验组的焦虑症状减轻（P = 0.001），情绪幸福感改善（P = 0.01）。
基于培养自我管理技能的教育干预有利于提高生活质量，减轻焦虑和抑郁。巴西临床试验注册中心（注册号：RBR 2q53ct）。
