Lei Chin Ion, Macao Health Bureau,
J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2020;7(2):83-86. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2020.10.
The Macao Dementia Policy was recognized by Alzheimer Disease International as the 27th globally and one of the highest stage 5 to develop dementia friendly community and primary health professionals are in a pivotal position to enhance community-based dementia prevention and care quality. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and preventive practice on dementia care among primary health professionals in Macao. A specially designed 30-item questionnaire was developed and validated for the study. The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Cronbach's α of the questionnaire were 0.973 and 0.808. The questionnaires were distributed to all 375 primary health professionals from 8 Health Centers throughout Macao and 234 valid questionnaires (62.4%) were returned. The score for dementia care knowledge was 87.02±14.01; attitude was 69.52±5.83; preventive practice was 77.88±13.18, of which doctors (79.89±13.77) was significantly higher (t=2.29, p=0.023) than nurses (75.91±12.33). There were positive relationships between preventive practice and attitude (r=0.163, p=0.014), and age (r=0.212, p=0.002), and a negative relationship between knowledge and age (r=-0.139, p=0.040). These findings have significant implications that most primary health professionals in Macao had sufficient knowledge, a positive attitude and appropriate preventive practice on dementia care. However, enhanced dementia education to improve knowledge and preventive practice was a strong agenda for the training for senior staff and nurses.
澳门的痴呆症政策被阿尔茨海默病国际协会（Alzheimer Disease International）认可为全球第 27 个制定了发展痴呆症友好社区政策的地区，初级卫生保健专业人员在提高社区痴呆症预防和护理质量方面处于关键地位。本研究旨在调查澳门初级卫生保健专业人员对痴呆症护理的知识、态度和预防实践。为此，专门设计了一个包含 30 个项目的问卷，并对其进行了验证。问卷的内容效度指数（Content Validity Index，CVI）和 Cronbach's α 分别为 0.973 和 0.808。问卷分发给澳门 8 个卫生中心的 375 名初级卫生保健专业人员，共回收 234 份有效问卷（62.4%）。痴呆症护理知识得分为 87.02±14.01；态度评分为 69.52±5.83；预防实践评分为 77.88±13.18，其中医生（79.89±13.77）的得分显著高于护士（75.91±12.33）（t=2.29，p=0.023）。预防实践与态度之间呈正相关（r=0.163，p=0.014），与年龄呈负相关（r=-0.139，p=0.040），而知识与年龄呈负相关（r=-0.139，p=0.040）。这些发现具有重要意义，表明澳门大多数初级卫生保健专业人员对痴呆症护理有足够的知识、积极的态度和适当的预防实践。然而，加强痴呆症教育以提高知识和预防实践水平是高级工作人员和护士培训的重要议程。
