Littoral Environnement & Sociétés (LIENSs) UMR 7266 CNRS, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France.
Mer, Molécules, Santé (MMS, EA2160), Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO), 3 place André Leroy, 49000, Angers, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(16):20259-20272. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08392-1. Epub 2020 Apr 2.
The development of human activities along the Atlantic coast is responsible for the chronic pollution of the environment with organic and inorganic contaminants. In recent years, environmental regulations such as the MSFD (2008/56/EC) and the OSPAR commission have been developed to preserve coastal environments, giving rise to studies in aquatic biomonitoring. One of them is to use biomarkers to observe the pollutants impact on coastal species such as the bivalve Mimachlamys varia. A defence biomarker was considered in this research to study metal accumulation, with metallothioneins (Mts) involved in the uptake, storage and excretion of metals. To achieve this, bivalves were collected in March 2016 in seven sites along the French Atlantic coasts (open area) and in harbours (semi-open area) with contrasting levels of pollution. Biomarker assays were performed to compare the responses in several tissues (digestive glands, gonads, gills) to inorganic pollutants. The results showed that the accumulation of trace element was different depending on the site and the organ. Mts concentrations were greater in digestive gland compared with gills. Usually, Mts levels were decreased in site showing elevated levels of trace element which explained by downregulation of Mts. Furthermore, results of correlation between Mts and inorganic contaminants and the influence of abiotic factors on Mts suggested that Mts in M. varia is not a relevant biomarker in environments exposed to cocktails of contaminants.
人类活动沿着大西洋海岸的发展导致环境受到有机和无机污染物的慢性污染。近年来，为了保护沿海环境，已经制定了环境法规，如《海洋战略框架指令》（2008/56/EC）和奥巴委，这引发了水生生物监测方面的研究。其中之一是使用生物标志物来观察污染物对沿海物种的影响，如双壳类贻贝 Mimachlamys varia。在这项研究中，考虑了一种防御生物标志物来研究金属积累，金属硫蛋白（Mts）参与金属的吸收、储存和排泄。为了实现这一目标，于 2016 年 3 月在法国大西洋沿岸的七个地点（开阔区）和港口（半开阔区）采集了贻贝，这些地点的污染水平存在差异。进行了生物标志物测定，以比较几种组织（消化腺、性腺、鳃）对无机污染物的反应。结果表明，微量元素的积累取决于地点和器官。与鳃相比，消化腺中的微量元素积累更多。通常，在显示出高水平微量元素的地点，Mts 水平下降，这可以通过 Mts 的下调来解释。此外，Mts 与无机污染物之间的相关性以及非生物因素对 Mts 的影响的结果表明，在暴露于污染物混合物的环境中，M. varia 中的 Mts 不是一个相关的生物标志物。
