U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Market Quality & Handling Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695.
Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695.
Poult Sci. 2020 Apr;99(4):2236-2245. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.015. Epub 2020 Feb 28.
Early feeding trials using peanut meal prepared from normal-oleic peanuts helped to identify peanuts as a suitable alternative feed ingredient for poultry. Yet no studies to date have examined the use of high-oleic peanuts (HO-PN) as a feed ingredient for meat type chickens. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of feeding whole unblanched HO-PN on the fatty acid profile of the meat produced from broilers. At hatch male chicks were randomly placed in raised wire cages, in 10 replicate pens per treatment with 10 chicks per pen, and fed with one of the 3 isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets ad libitum for 42 days: (1) conventional control of soybean meal + corn, (2) 10 to 12% HO-PN and corn diet, or (3) control diet spiked with ≈6.0% oleic acid oil. All body weights (BW) were collected, and broiler selection for processing was determined by individual BW within one-half a standard deviation of the experiment 42-D mean BW, with one bird selected per pen (10 replicate pens per treatment, 3 treatments, 10 birds selected per treatment, yielding a total sample size of 30 birds). Performance was determined weekly and breast samples were analyzed for fatty acid and amino acid profile. All data was analyzed using analysis of variance, with t-test mean comparisons at P < 0.05. BW were similar between broilers fed the HO-PN and control diet, while feed conversion ratio of broilers fed the HO-PN diet was significantly higher at weeks 2, 4, and 6 in comparison to the other treatments (P ≤ 0.03). Broilers fed with HO-PN diet had reduced carcass and pectoralis major weights in comparison to the other treatments. Chicken breast from broilers fed the HO-PN diet had significantly reduced saturated and trans fatty acid content in comparison to the controls (P ≤ 0.0002). Although additional studies must be conducted, this study suggests that feeding whole unblanched HO-PN to broiler chickens may serve as a means to enrich the meat produced with unsaturated fatty acids.
早期使用正常油酸花生制备的花生粉进行的喂养试验有助于确定花生是家禽的一种合适的替代饲料成分。然而，迄今为止，尚无研究检验高油酸花生（HO-PN）作为肉用型鸡的饲料成分的用途。因此，本研究旨在确定饲喂整粒未漂烫的 HO-PN 对肉鸡生产的肉的脂肪酸谱的影响。孵化时，雄性小鸡被随机放置在高架铁丝笼中，每个处理 10 个重复笼，每个笼 10 只小鸡，自由采食 3 种等热量、等氮日粮之一 42 天：（1）大豆粉+玉米的常规对照，（2）10-12%HO-PN 和玉米日粮，或（3）对照日粮中添加约 6.0%油酸油。收集所有体重（BW），并根据实验第 42 天 BW 的半标准差内的个体 BW 确定肉鸡的选择用于加工，每个笼选择一只鸡（每个处理 10 个重复笼，3 个处理，每个处理选择 10 只鸡，总样本量为 30 只鸡）。每周进行性能测定，分析胸肉的脂肪酸和氨基酸谱。所有数据均采用方差分析进行分析，P<0.05 时采用 t 检验均值比较。饲喂 HO-PN 和对照日粮的肉鸡 BW 相似，而饲喂 HO-PN 日粮的肉鸡在第 2、4 和 6 周的饲料转化率明显高于其他处理（P≤0.03）。与其他处理相比，饲喂 HO-PN 日粮的肉鸡胴体和胸肌重量降低。与对照组相比，饲喂 HO-PN 日粮的肉鸡鸡胸肉的饱和脂肪酸和反式脂肪酸含量显著降低（P≤0.0002）。尽管必须进行更多的研究，但本研究表明，饲喂整粒未漂烫的 HO-PN 给肉鸡可能是一种用不饱和脂肪酸来丰富生产的肉的方法。
