AIMS: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common postoperative complication that is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, the mechanism of pathogenesis of POCD still remains largely unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the function and mechanism of lncRNA PCAI in POCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Knockdown and overexpression studies were performed to analyze the function of lncRNA PCAI in cultured BV-2 cell lines treated with LPS to mimic the neuroinflammation. Real-time PCR, western blot, ELISA were used to determine the expression level of inflammation markers. Rescue experiment was performed to prove the relationship between PCAI and SUZ12. RESULTS: We found that the expression of lncRNA PCAI was decreased with the increasing concentrations of LPS. Knockdown of lncRNA PCAI inhibited the cell death rates and attenuated the cell inflammation via ELISA and real-time PCR. Besides, downregulated of lncRNA PCAI can protect the mitochondrial function via membrane potential assay. Overexpression of lncRNA PCAI can promote the cell death and inflammation response induced by LPS. We also provided mechanism study about lncRNA PCAI that negatively regulating SUZ12. Rescue experiment also verified the results. CONCLUSION: We performed comprehensive study of functional analysis of lncRNA PCAI in POCD and proved its mechanism, which negatively regulate SUZ12. Our study provided new clues for the clinical intervention and targets for POCD.