Instituto de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pará, BR 316 Km 61, Saudade II, Cristo Redentor, Castanhal, 68740-910, PA, Brazil.
Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 96160-000, RS, Brazil.
Anaerobe. 2020 Jun;63:102201. doi: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2020.102201. Epub 2020 Apr 2.
Botulism is a neuroparalytic intoxication, usually fatal, caused by the botulinum toxins (BoNTs). Vaccination is the best-known strategy to prevent this disease in ruminants. Serotypes C and D and their variants CD and DC are the main types responsible for botulism in bovine and buffaloes in Brazil and cattle in Japan and Europe. Brazil has a herd of approximately 1.39 million buffaloes and is the largest producer in the Western world. This study aimed to assess the humoral immune response of buffaloes during the 12-month period after vaccination against BoNT serotypes C and D with a recombinant vaccine in three different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 μg) of non-purified recombinant proteins (Vrec) and also with a bivalent commercial toxoid (Vcom). Vrec400 was the best vaccine among those tested because it induced higher levels of antibodies and maintained higher levels of antibodies for the longest time, while Vrec200 could be considered the most cost-effective vaccine for large-scale production. None of the vaccines were able to promote continuous immunological protection within the timeframe proposed by the current Brazilian vaccination protocol. Further studies should focus on vaccine adjustments to ensure continued humoral protection against botulism.
肉毒中毒是一种神经麻痹性中毒，通常是致命的，由肉毒梭菌毒素（BoNTs）引起。接种疫苗是预防反刍动物这种疾病的最著名策略。血清型 C 和 D 及其变体 CD 和 DC 是巴西牛和水牛以及日本和欧洲牛发生肉毒中毒的主要类型。巴西拥有约 139 万头水牛，是西方世界最大的生产商。本研究旨在评估水牛在接种非纯化重组蛋白（Vrec）的重组疫苗后 12 个月内对 BoNT 血清型 C 和 D 的体液免疫反应，该疫苗有三种不同浓度（100、200 和 400μg），还评估了一种双价商业类毒素（Vcom）。Vrec400 是测试过的疫苗中最好的，因为它诱导了更高水平的抗体，并且保持了更长时间的高抗体水平，而 Vrec200 可以被认为是大规模生产最具成本效益的疫苗。没有一种疫苗能够在巴西现行疫苗接种方案提出的时间范围内提供持续的免疫保护。进一步的研究应集中在疫苗调整上，以确保对肉毒中毒的持续体液保护。
