Universidad Autónoma de Madrid.
Psicothema. 2020 May;32(2):182-188. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2019.171.
Aversive control techniques involve aversive stimuli to generate behavioral change. The purpose of this work is to analyze the use of verbal aversive control by psychologists during the clinical interaction, combining respondent and operant explanations.
Observational methodology is used to analyze 26 session recordings of three different cases of anxiety disorder, relationship problem and low mood problem (27h 32') carried out by two psychologists of the Therapeutic Institute of Madrid. The variables considered were psychologists' aversive and non-aversive verbalizations and clients' antitherapeutic verbalizations.
There is a strong relationship between clients' antitherapeutic verbalizations and psychologists' aversive verbalizations, both potential punishments (aversive verbalizations contingent on the client's response) and aversive pairings. Additionally, the possible psychologists' aversive verbalizations are accompanied by other verbalizations aimed to induce clients' non-problematic behaviors.
This work opens a new way to an explanation of therapeutic change using learning processes (both respondent and operant conditioning) that take place through verbal interaction in clinical context.
厌恶控制技术涉及使用厌恶刺激来引发行为改变。本工作的目的是分析心理学家在临床互动中使用言语厌恶控制，结合反应性和操作性解释。
采用观察法对马德里治疗研究所的两位心理学家对 3 例焦虑障碍、关系问题和情绪低落问题（27 小时 32 分）的 26 次会话记录进行分析。考虑的变量是心理学家的厌恶和非厌恶言语以及客户的反治疗言语。
客户的反治疗言语与心理学家的厌恶言语之间存在很强的关系，包括潜在的惩罚（厌恶言语与客户的反应相关联）和厌恶配对。此外，可能的心理学家的厌恶言语伴随着其他旨在诱导客户非问题行为的言语。
这项工作为通过临床环境中的言语互动发生的学习过程（包括反应性和操作性条件作用）来解释治疗变化开辟了新途径。
