Department of Health Care Sciences.
Department of Urology.
Rehabil Psychol. 2020 May;65(2):186-191. doi: 10.1037/rep0000320. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to assess how neurobehavioral symptoms following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may differ based on gender and the experience of nightmares. Research Method/Design: This cross-sectional study of community-dwelling adults ≥ 3 months post-TBI ( = 110) assessed differences in neurobehavioral symptoms between women ( = 41) and men ( = 69) by experience of nightmares. Outcome measures included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Behavioral Assessment Screening Tool subscales for negative affect, substance abuse, executive functioning, fatigue, impulsivity, and maladaptive coping.
= 22 participants ( = 7 women, = 15 men) experienced nightmares at least "sometimes" over the past 2 weeks. Nightmares were associated with more substance abuse, negative affect, fatigue, maladaptive coping, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms (s < .02). Women reported more negative affect, maladaptive coping, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms (s < .05) than men. Men experiencing nightmares reported more substance use than men without nightmares ( = .036), a difference not seen in women ( = .233). Women experiencing nightmares reported more impulsivity than women without nightmares ( = .028), a difference not seen in men ( = .559).
CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Nightmares, post-TBI, are associated with more neurobehavioral symptoms. However, symptom patterns associated with nightmares may differ by gender. Nightmares may be a symptom of, or contribute to, sleep disruptions post-TBI or may indicate other conditions, like posttraumatic stress disorder. Future research should examine gender differences in neurobehavioral symptoms post-TBI in the context of nightmares and/or sleep disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
本研究旨在评估创伤性脑损伤（TBI）后神经行为症状是否因性别和噩梦经历而有所不同。
研究方法/设计：这项横断面研究纳入了≥3 个月 TBI 的社区居住成年患者（n = 110），通过噩梦经历评估女性（n = 41）和男性（n = 69）之间神经行为症状的差异。结果测量包括患者健康问卷-9、广泛性焦虑障碍-7 和行为评估筛查工具的负性情绪、物质滥用、执行功能、疲劳、冲动和适应不良应对的亚量表。
在过去 2 周内，有 22 名参与者（7 名女性，15 名男性）至少“有时”经历过噩梦。噩梦与更多的物质滥用、负性情绪、疲劳、适应不良应对、抑郁症状和焦虑症状相关（p <.02）。与男性相比，女性报告了更多的负性情绪、适应不良应对、抑郁症状和焦虑症状（p <.05）。经历噩梦的男性比没有噩梦的男性报告了更多的物质使用（p =.036），而女性则没有这种差异（p =.233）。经历噩梦的女性比没有噩梦的女性报告了更多的冲动（p =.028），而男性则没有这种差异（p =.559）。
TBI 后，噩梦与更多的神经行为症状有关。然而，与噩梦相关的症状模式可能因性别而异。噩梦可能是 TBI 后睡眠障碍的症状之一，或者是其他疾病（如创伤后应激障碍）的症状。未来的研究应该在噩梦和/或睡眠障碍的背景下，研究 TBI 后性别差异与神经行为症状的关系。
