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联合国中,SRHR 如何在不断变化的政治环境中取得进展。

How gains for SRHR in the UN have remained possible in a changing political climate.

机构信息

PhD Candidate, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Former Director of Geneva Office, Sexual Rights Initiative, Geneva, Switzerland.

出版信息

Sex Reprod Health Matters. 2020 Dec;28(1):1741496. doi: 10.1080/26410397.2020.1741496.

Abstract

As right-wing populist movements make electoral gains around the world, one might expect that resultant policy and legislative reversals against sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) would be mirrored by a similar backlash in United Nations (UN) human rights negotiations. Yet the past five years have seen unprecedented advances for SRHR within the UN Human Rights Council (HRC), treaty bodies, and special procedures. In this article, we provide an overview of SRHR gains and setbacks within the HRC and analyse their broader significance, particularly as socially conservative nation states and non-governmental organisations seek to challenge them. We analyse how states have advanced SRHR in the HRC and examine efforts that states which oppose SRHR have undertaken to limit these advances. In an increasingly hostile political climate, the inter-related legal, technical, and political mechanisms through which human rights are advanced within the UN has helped to mitigate the effects of rapid political reversals. Additionally, the HRC's emphasis on previously agreed language helps dampen significant changes in resolutions on SRHR.

摘要

随着世界各地的右翼民粹主义运动在选举中取得进展,人们可能会预期,针对性健康和生殖健康及权利(SRHR)的政策和立法逆转将在联合国(UN)人权谈判中引发类似的反弹。然而,在过去的五年中,联合国人权理事会(HRC)、条约机构和特别程序在 SRHR 方面取得了前所未有的进展。在本文中,我们概述了 HRC 内 SRHR 的得失,并分析了其更广泛的意义,特别是在社会保守的民族国家和非政府组织试图对此提出质疑的情况下。我们分析了各国如何在 HRC 中推进 SRHR,并研究了反对 SRHR 的国家为限制这些进展而采取的措施。在日益敌对的政治氛围中,联合国内部通过相互关联的法律、技术和政治机制推进人权,有助于减轻政治迅速逆转的影响。此外,HRC 对先前商定语言的强调有助于抑制有关 SRHR 的决议发生重大变化。

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