Li De-Chang, Xu Wan-Fei, Cheng Hui-Yuan, Xi Kun-Fang, Xu Bu-De, Jiang Hong
CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutants Conversion Department of Applied Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China.
Glob Chall. 2020 Feb 20;4(4):1900085. doi: 10.1002/gch2.201900085. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Preparation of superhydrophobic carbon materials from lignocellulosic biomass waste via one-step carbonization is very difficult due to the existences of polar functional groups and ashes, which are extremely hydrophilic. Herein, superhydrophobic carbon materials can be facilely synthesized by catalytic pyrolysis of biomass waste using FeCl as catalyst. The results show that the surface energy of lignin-derived char (Char) is significantly reduced to 19.25 mN m from 73.29 mN m, and the water contact angle increased from 0 to 151.5°, by interaction with FeCl. Multiple characterizations and control experiments demonstrate that FeCl can catalyze the pyrolytic volatiles to form a rough graphite and diamond-like carbon layer that isolates the polar functional groups and ashes on Char, contributing to the superhydrophobicity of the Char. The one-step catalytic pyrolysis is able to convert different natural biomass waste (e.g., lignin, cellulose, sawdust, rice husk, maize straw, and pomelo peel) into superhydrophobic carbon materials. This study contributes new information related to the interfacial chemistry during the sustainable utilization of biomass waste.
由于木质纤维素生物质废弃物中存在极性官能团和具有极强亲水性的灰分，通过一步碳化制备超疏水碳材料非常困难。在此，以FeCl为催化剂，通过生物质废弃物的催化热解可轻松合成超疏水碳材料。结果表明，木质素衍生炭（Char）的表面能从73.29 mN/m显著降低至19.25 mN/m，与FeCl相互作用后，水接触角从0°增加到151.5°。多种表征和对照实验表明，FeCl可催化热解挥发物形成粗糙的石墨和类金刚石碳层，该层隔离了Char上的极性官能团和灰分，从而使Char具有超疏水性。一步催化热解能够将不同的天然生物质废弃物（如木质素、纤维素、锯末、稻壳、玉米秸秆和柚子皮）转化为超疏水碳材料。本研究为生物质废弃物可持续利用过程中的界面化学提供了新信息。
