Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology. University of Valencia, Av. dels Tarongers, 4b, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 5;17(7):2477. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072477.
The aim of this research was to study the relationship between the different levels of direct participation of workers (passive, consultative or active-delegated) in risk prevention management with the levels of absenteeism in Spain. To this end, a transversal study was carried out using microdata from the Second European Survey of Companies on New and Emerging Risks (ESENER-2-Spain, 2014) with a master population of 3162 work centres. A multinomial logistic regression model was carried out, with the dependent variable being the levels of absenteeism and the independent variables, the participation indicators and preventive management, calculating the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) between all the independent and control variables, with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% IC). The results obtained showed how the active-delegative participation of workers in the design and adoption of psychosocial risk prevention measures reported 2.33 less probabilities of having a very high or fairly high level of absenteeism (aOR = 0.43; 95%IC:0.27-0.69). However, having documented aspects of preventive management (plan, risk assessment, planning measures) did not have any impact on absenteeism levels, which shows that we can fall into an unrealistic institutional mirage of security with active policies of co-education or co-management being necessary to reduce absenteeism.
本研究旨在探讨工人在风险预防管理中的直接参与程度（被动、咨询或主动授权）与西班牙旷工率之间的关系。为此，我们开展了一项横断面研究，使用了来自第二届欧洲新兴风险企业调查（ESENER-2-Spain，2014 年）的微观数据，总样本量为 3162 个工作中心。我们采用多项逻辑回归模型，因变量为旷工率，自变量为参与指标和预防管理，并计算了所有独立和控制变量之间的调整比值比（aOR）及其相应的 95%置信区间（95%CI）。结果表明，工人在设计和采用心理社会风险预防措施方面的积极授权参与报告显示，旷工率极高或较高的概率降低了 2.33 倍（aOR=0.43；95%CI：0.27-0.69）。然而，有文件记录的预防管理方面（计划、风险评估、规划措施）并没有对旷工率产生任何影响，这表明我们可能陷入了一种不切实际的安全机构幻想之中，需要采取共同教育或共同管理的积极政策来减少旷工。
