Medical Education Unit, School of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland..
School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
Schizophr Res. 2020 Jun;220:194-200. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.03.021. Epub 2020 Apr 6.
Cannabis can induce acute psychotic symptoms in healthy individuals and exacerbate pre-existing psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Inappropriate salience allocation is hypothesised to be central to the association between dopamine dysregulation and psychotic symptoms. This study examined whether cannabis use is associated with self-reported salience dysfunction and schizotypal symptoms in a non-clinical population. 910 University students completed the following questionnaire battery: the cannabis experience questionnaire modified version (CEQmv); schizotypal personality questionnaire (SPQ); community assessment of psychic experience (CAPE); aberrant salience inventory (ASI). Mediation analysis was used to test whether aberrant salience mediated the relationship between cannabis use and schizotypal traits. Both frequent cannabis consumption during the previous year and ASI score predicted variation across selected positive and disorganised SPQ subscales. However, for the SPQ subscales 'ideas of reference' and 'odd beliefs', mediation analysis revealed that with the addition of ASI score as a mediating variable, current cannabis use no longer predicted scores on these subscales. Similarly, cannabis use frequency predicted higher total SPQ as well as specific Positive and Disorganised subscale scores, but ASI score as a mediating variable removed the significant predictive relationship between frequent cannabis use and 'odd beliefs', 'ideas of reference', 'unusual perceptual experiences', 'odd speech', and total SPQ scores. In summary, cannabis use was associated with increased psychometric schizotypy and aberrant salience. Using self-report measures in a non-clinical population, the cannabis-related increase in selected positive and disorganised SPQ subscale scores was shown to be, at least in part, mediated by disturbance in salience processing mechanisms.
大麻可诱发健康个体出现急性精神病症状，并加重精神分裂症患者的现有精神病症状。多巴胺功能失调与精神病症状之间的关联，其核心假说为不恰当的突显分配。本研究在非临床人群中，检验了大麻使用是否与自我报告的突显功能障碍和精神分裂症样症状相关。910 名大学生完成了以下问卷组合：改良大麻经验问卷（CEQmv）；精神分裂症人格问卷（SPQ）；社区心理体验评估（CAPE）；异常突显量表（ASI）。中介分析用于检验异常突显是否在大麻使用与精神分裂症特征之间起中介作用。过去一年中频繁使用大麻和 ASI 评分均预测了阳性和紊乱 SPQ 子量表的变化。然而，对于 SPQ 子量表“观念关联”和“怪异信念”，中介分析表明，随着 ASI 评分作为中介变量的加入，当前大麻使用不再预测这些子量表的分数。同样，大麻使用频率预测了更高的 SPQ 总分以及特定的阳性和紊乱子量表分数，但 ASI 评分作为中介变量消除了频繁使用大麻与“怪异信念”、“观念关联”、“异常知觉体验”、“怪异言语”和 SPQ 总分之间的显著预测关系。总之，大麻使用与精神测量学精神分裂症样症状和异常突显有关。在非临床人群中使用自我报告的测量方法，大麻相关的阳性和紊乱 SPQ 子量表分数增加，至少部分是通过突显处理机制的干扰来介导的。
