Faculty of Health, Public Health Institute, Liverpool John Moores University, Exchange Station, Liverpool, L32ET, UK.
AIDS Behav. 2020 Nov;24(11):3056-3070. doi: 10.1007/s10461-020-02855-9.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an evidence-based new biomedical HIV prevention intervention, which involves the pre-emptive use of daily (or event-based) antiretroviral drugs, to reduce risk of HIV acquisition if exposed. PrEP has recently been positioned as an integral prevention tool to reduce HIV acquisition risk among men who have sex with men (MSM) at country-level and within global prevention strategies. Given this global scale up of PrEP, we conducted a scoping review of extant international literature documenting service related perspectives, models and lessons learnt in PrEP programming for MSM. A systematic search of literature was conducted, and restricted to English language records in the timeframe 2008 to February 2019. Eligibility criteria centered on whether studies broadly described PrEP programming and service delivery for MSM as well as health communication. Following exclusion of ineligible records and removal of duplicates, 84 records were charted and thematically analysed according to scoping review methods. Four themes emerged from the thematic analysis of data; 'PrEP service aspects, settings and staff'; 'PrEP prescriber experiences, therapeutic alliance and care planning'; 'PrEP adherence within formal service structures'; and 'Multi-disciplinary and innovative PrEP care pathways'. The review highlights the complexities in providing optimal PrEP services for MSM by mapping and illustrating the importance of understanding the informal and formal routes to PrEP use among this HIV risk population; the barriers to uptake; the requirement for the presence of a positive therapeutic alliance between patient and prescriber in supporting patient initiation and adherence to PrEP regimes; and the need for availability in different culturally and ethnically sensitive models of PrEP service delivery according to low to high risk groups within the MSM communities.
暴露前预防(PrEP)是一种基于证据的新的医学预防艾滋病病毒感染的干预措施,它涉及预先使用每日(或基于事件)抗逆转录病毒药物,如果暴露于艾滋病病毒就可以降低感染的风险。PrEP 最近被定位为一种整体预防工具,以降低男男性行为者(MSM)在国家一级和全球预防战略中的艾滋病病毒感染风险。鉴于 PrEP 在全球范围内的推广,我们对现有的国际文献进行了范围综述,这些文献记录了 MSM 中 PrEP 规划的服务相关观点、模式和经验教训。对文献进行了系统搜索,并限于 2008 年至 2019 年 2 月期间的英文记录。纳入标准主要是研究是否广泛描述了 MSM 的 PrEP 规划和服务提供以及健康传播。在排除不符合条件的记录并删除重复记录后,根据范围综述方法对 84 份记录进行图表绘制和主题分析。通过对数据的主题分析,出现了四个主题;“PrEP 服务方面、设置和工作人员”;“PrEP 处方医生的经验、治疗联盟和护理计划”;“正式服务结构内的 PrEP 坚持”;和“多学科和创新的 PrEP 护理途径”。该审查通过映射和说明了解 HIV 风险人群中 PrEP 使用的非正式和正式途径的重要性、吸收障碍、在支持患者启动和坚持 PrEP 方案方面患者和处方医生之间积极治疗联盟的必要性以及根据 MSM 社区中的低风险到高风险群体提供不同的文化和种族敏感的 PrEP 服务交付模式的必要性,突出了为 MSM 提供最佳 PrEP 服务的复杂性。
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