[Pharmacokinetics changes of antimicrobial agents in adult patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an updated literature review].

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a viable ultimate support therapy for patients with severe cardiorespiratory failure. Antimicrobial agents are commonly prescribed in critically ill patients with ECMO. However, an increasing number of studies have shown that ECMO circuit is associated with significant pharmacokinetic (PK) alterations, including the increased volume of distribution and reduced the clearance. In addition, the critical illness pathophysiology can also influence PK of antimicrobial, such as systemic inflammation, excessive fluid resuscitation, hypo-albuminemia, worsening hepatic or renal function. These PK alterations may increase the possibility of therapeutic failure or toxicity. Therefore, this study reviews published studies of the effects of ECMO on PK of antimicrobial agents in adults and makes preliminary recommendations on possible dosing regimen.