Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jun;27(17):21416-21428. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08632-4. Epub 2020 Apr 10.
To evaluate the hazard assessment of anthropogenic activities on coastal ecosystems, fractionation and bioaccumulation of trace metals were carried out for sediment and coral samples of three distinct habitats including petroleum exploration area of Kharg, the rural harbor of Chirouyeh, and unpopulated area of Hendorabi. Fractionation results suggested that Ni (~ 51%), Pb (~ 49%), and V (~ 45%) in Kharg; Ni (~ 46%), Pb (~ 84%), and Zn (~ 47%) in Chirouyeh; and Cd (~ 51%) in Hendorabi were the predominant metals in the non-resistant fractions of the sediment samples. Risk Assessment Code (RAC), individual contamination factor (ICF), and global contamination factor (GCF) were derived. The highest relative risk for Cd, Cu, and Ti was observed in Kharg, whereas the highest relative risk for Ni, Pb, V, and Zn was recorded in Chirouyeh. The lowest risk for almost all of the trace metals was observed in Hendorabi. Biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF) values of coral samples revealed that species examined in the present study are reliable biomonitors for Cd, Ni, Pb, and Zn contamination. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson's correlation coefficient (PCC) suggested that Pb, Ni, and Zn can be considered the main pollutants of the Persian Gulf which originated mainly from petroleum industries. Furthermore, the metal uptake rates of coral samples seemed to be dependent on bioabsorption pathways and coral species. Overall, the present work constitutes a good basis for further studies on trace metal fractionation, risk assessment, and source apportionment in the Persian Gulf, which could contribute to more effective decisions for reducing the anthropogenic trace metal pollution.
为了评估人为活动对沿海生态系统的危害评估，对三个不同生境（包括 Kharg 的石油勘探区、Chirouyeh 的农村港口和无人居住的 Hendorabi 区）的沉积物和珊瑚样品进行了痕量金属的形态分析和生物累积。形态分析结果表明，Kharg 沉积物中非抗性部分的主要金属为 Ni（51%）、Pb（49%）和 V（45%）；Chirouyeh 沉积物中非抗性部分的主要金属为 Ni（46%）、Pb（84%）和 Zn（47%）；Hendorabi 沉积物中非抗性部分的主要金属为 Cd（~51%）。风险评估码（RAC）、个体污染因子（ICF）和全球污染因子（GCF）也被推导出来。Kharg 沉积物中 Cd、Cu 和 Ti 的相对风险最高，而 Chirouyeh 沉积物中 Ni、Pb、V 和 Zn 的相对风险最高。Hendorabi 沉积物中几乎所有痕量金属的风险最低。珊瑚样品的生物沉积物积累因子（BSAF）值表明，本研究中检测到的物种是 Cd、Ni、Pb 和 Zn 污染的可靠生物监测物。主成分分析（PCA）和 Pearson 相关系数（PCC）表明，Pb、Ni 和 Zn 可被视为波斯湾的主要污染物，主要来源于石油工业。此外，珊瑚样品的金属吸收速率似乎取决于生物吸收途径和珊瑚物种。总的来说，本工作为进一步研究波斯湾痕量金属形态分析、风险评估和来源分配奠定了良好的基础，这有助于为减少人为痕量金属污染做出更有效的决策。
