Koga K, Kawashiro N, Nakayama T, Makino S
Department of Otolaryngology, National Children's Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1988;456:55-60. doi: 10.3109/00016488809125078.
The incidence of unilateral deafness in primary school children has been reported to be about 0.1%, but the cause of most of these cases has not been clarified, because parents and children themselves cannot recognize the onset of hearing loss occurring in one ear alone. This study was performed to clarify the possibility that mumps causes infantile unilateral deafness. The results were: 1) on dividing a total of 78 cases of infantile unilateral deafness according to age from 3 to 6 years, mumps infection rate in the 4-year-old group was nearly twice that in a randomly selected group; 2) on checking the neutralizing or ELISA IgG test of 31 cases with no history of mumps only, the 4-year-old group demonstrated a positive reaction to mumps more than the randomly selected group did. The above results suggested that unilateral deafness may be caused by asymptomatic mumps infection. To confirm this, we studied 5 infantile cases of sudden hearing loss by means of ELISA IgM antibody test and found a bilateral sudden deafness in children aged 1.9 years, caused by asymptomatic mumps infection.
据报道，小学生单侧耳聋的发病率约为0.1%，但大多数此类病例的病因尚未明确，因为家长和孩子自己都无法识别仅发生在一侧耳朵的听力损失的发病情况。本研究旨在阐明腮腺炎导致婴幼儿单侧耳聋的可能性。结果如下：1）将总共78例婴幼儿单侧耳聋病例按3至6岁年龄分组，4岁组的腮腺炎感染率几乎是随机选择组的两倍；2）仅对31例无腮腺炎病史的病例进行中和或ELISA IgG检测，4岁组对腮腺炎的阳性反应高于随机选择组。上述结果表明，单侧耳聋可能由无症状的腮腺炎感染引起。为证实这一点，我们通过ELISA IgM抗体检测研究了5例婴幼儿突发性听力损失病例，发现1.9岁儿童双侧突发性耳聋是由无症状的腮腺炎感染引起的。
