New York Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Valhalla, NY, USA; Westchester Medical Center, Division of Gynecological Oncology, Valhalla, NY, USA.
New York Medical College, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Valhalla, NY, USA; New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Office of Diversity and Inclusion, Valhalla, NY, USA; New York City Health + Hospitals/Metropolitan, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York, NY, USA.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2020 Apr;112(2):229-232. doi: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.03.002. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer amongst women worldwide. In the United States, its incidence and mortality have been declining due to the wide scale implementation of cytological screening programs. However, there have been geographic disparities in cervical cancer, particularly in the US.
This review will outline the overall incidence of cervical cancer and discuss the causes for disparities in its incidence and mortality rates.
A literature review was performed from 1999 to 2020 of English language manuscripts on the incidence and reasons for disparities in mortality rates of cervical cancer.
Racial and ethnic minorities, socioeconomically disenfranchised, and those in rural areas have disparate rates of vaccination, screening and treatment of cervical cancer, leading to worse outcomes.
By addressing these disparities via increased education, access to care, and the expansion of screening and vaccination programs, reductions in cervical cancer incidence and mortality may be achieved.
宫颈癌是全球女性中第四大常见癌症。在美国，由于广泛实施细胞学筛查计划，其发病率和死亡率一直在下降。然而，宫颈癌在地理上存在差异，特别是在美国。
本综述将概述宫颈癌的总体发病率，并讨论其发病率和死亡率差异的原因。
对 1999 年至 2020 年期间关于宫颈癌发病率和死亡率差异原因的英文文献进行了综述。
少数族裔、社会经济地位低下者以及农村地区的人群，在宫颈癌疫苗接种、筛查和治疗方面存在差异，导致结局较差。
通过增加教育、获得医疗服务的机会，以及扩大筛查和疫苗接种计划，可以降低宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率。
