Komori Takashi
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (Neuropathology), Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital.
Brain Nerve. 2020 Apr;72(4):399-405. doi: 10.11477/mf.1416201538.
The World Health Organization's (WHO) classification of the central nervous system tumors represented the primary source of diagnosis and grading criteria for the brain tumors. The revision of the WHO classification in 2016 represented a shift from the traditional principle of using neuropathological diagnoses primarily based on the microscopic features, to using molecularly oriented diagnoses. New entities, defined by both the histological and molecular features, such as isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations and 1p/19q co-deletion, were included. To achieve an accurate diagnosis, the selection of suitable genetic testing methods in addition to having a basic knowledge of neuro-oncology and neuropathology, is essential. This text primarily focuses on the differential diagnosis of diffuse small-cell glioma that aids in understanding a practical method for the diagnosis of diffuse gliomas in adults.
世界卫生组织（WHO）的中枢神经系统肿瘤分类是脑肿瘤诊断和分级标准的主要来源。2016年WHO分类的修订代表了从主要基于微观特征进行神经病理学诊断的传统原则，转向使用分子导向诊断。由组织学和分子特征定义的新实体，如异柠檬酸脱氢酶突变和1p/19q共缺失，被纳入其中。为了实现准确诊断，除了具备神经肿瘤学和神经病理学的基础知识外，选择合适的基因检测方法至关重要。本文主要关注弥漫性小细胞胶质瘤的鉴别诊断，这有助于理解一种诊断成人弥漫性胶质瘤的实用方法。
