Westgarth Carri, Christley Robert M, Pinchbeck Gina L, Gaskell Rosalind M, Dawson Susan, Bradshaw John W S
School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Chester High Road, Neston, Cheshire CH64 7TE, UK.
Anthrozoology Institute, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, North Somerset, UK.
Appl Anim Behav Sci. 2010 Jun;125(1):38-46. doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2010.03.007. Epub 2010 Apr 18.
This paper describes how often pet dogs interact with other dogs, people and the environment, whilst being walked. Such interactions may involve aggression or the transmission of infectious disease. We also assessed the effect of the use of a leash as a modifier of these outcomes. In study one, the behaviour of pet dogs being walked in popular public walking areas was observed (286 observations). Interactions with people were much rarer than interactions with dogs. Multivariable modelling suggested that percentage duration spent sniffing the ground was associated with the UK Kennel Club Breed Type, and whether the dog was observed urinating. Gundogs were observed to sniff more than other breed types. In study two, dogs ( = 10) were filmed twice walking along a pre-defined route, alternately once on leash and once off leash, in order to assess the effects of leash use on interactions between the subject dog and any other dog or person encountered. Multilevel modelling suggested that if either dog was on the leash, then the likelihood of an interaction with a dog occurring was reduced. There was no evidence for statistical interactions between these variables, therefore the effect of the leash on one dog did not seem to be influenced by whether the other dog was on or off leash. We conclude that in circumstances where interactions need to be prevented, such as to reduce spread of infectious diseases during an outbreak, both dogs should be leashed.
本文描述了宠物狗在遛弯时与其他狗、人与环境互动的频率。此类互动可能涉及攻击行为或传染病传播。我们还评估了使用牵引绳对这些结果的影响。在研究一中，观察了在热门公共散步区域遛弯的宠物狗的行为（286次观察）。与人类的互动比与狗的互动少见得多。多变量建模表明，嗅闻地面的持续时间百分比与英国养犬俱乐部犬种类型以及是否观察到狗排尿有关。枪猎犬被观察到比其他犬种类型嗅闻得更多。在研究二中，对10只狗沿着预先定义的路线行走进行了两次拍摄，一次系着牵引绳，一次不系牵引绳，以评估使用牵引绳对受试狗与遇到的其他狗或人的互动的影响。多水平建模表明，如果任何一只狗系着牵引绳，那么与另一只狗发生互动的可能性就会降低。没有证据表明这些变量之间存在统计学交互作用，因此牵引绳对一只狗的影响似乎不受另一只狗是否系着牵引绳的影响。我们得出结论，在需要防止互动的情况下，例如在疫情期间减少传染病传播，两只狗都应该系上牵引绳。
