Cohen-Mansfield J, Marx M S
Research Institute of the Hebrew Home of Greater Washington, Rockville, MD 20852.
Compr Gerontol B. 1988 Dec;2(3):141-6.
Nursing staff and social workers independently rated the manifestations of agitation and depression in 408 nursing home residents. The role of dementia was also investigated. The relationship between agitation (3 factors: aggressive, physically nonaggressive, and verbally agitated) and depression (2 factors: social functioning and depressed affect) was examined. While residents who manifested either aggressive behavior (e.g., hitting, cursing) or physically nonaggressive behaviors (e.g., general restlessness, pacing) tended to be more cognitively impaired, aggressive behaviors were negatively related to the social functioning aspect of depression, and physically nonaggressive behaviors were not related to either aspect of depression. Verbally agitated individuals were more cognitively intact and displayed depressed affects. It is conceivable that depressed affect was perceived only in verbally agitated residents since these persons were able to communicate their depression to caregivers. This result raises questions concerning the meaningfulness of depression measurements in noncommunicative residents.
护理人员和社会工作者对408名养老院居民的激动和抑郁表现进行了独立评估。同时也调查了痴呆症的作用。研究了激动（3个因素：攻击性、身体无攻击性和言语激动）与抑郁（2个因素：社会功能和抑郁情绪）之间的关系。表现出攻击性行为（如打人、咒骂）或身体无攻击性行为（如普遍烦躁不安、踱步）的居民往往认知障碍更严重，攻击性行为与抑郁的社会功能方面呈负相关，而身体无攻击性行为与抑郁的任何一个方面均无关联。言语激动的个体认知功能更完好且表现出抑郁情绪。可以想象，只有在言语激动的居民中才观察到抑郁情绪，因为这些人能够向护理人员表达他们的抑郁。这一结果引发了关于无法交流的居民抑郁测量意义的问题。
